High-yield cultivation techniques of Potato with double ridges and High moisture content

The main characteristic of potato cultivation with double ridges and high soil moisture is the optimization and integration of improved varieties, good methods and good growth environment. Its core technology is "six changes", the first is to change the use of many, inferior and miscellaneous varieties as the leading excellent varieties, the second is to change the intercropping of corn and Chiang to simply growing potatoes, and the third is to change the planting method of "Man Tianxing" to double ridges and high soil moisture cultivation; fourth, to change the soil moisture in the first tillage ridge to two or three times to cultivate the soil; fifth, to change the partial application of nitrogen fertilizer to balanced fertilization (mainly phosphorus and potash fertilizer). The sixth is to change the initial release management in the field to fine management (focusing on timely irrigation, prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, capping and picking flowers). Potato cultivated with high moisture content in double ridges is deeply loved by farmers because of its disease-free, large yield increase, good potato shape and high commodity rate.

1. Select plots choose plots with deep tillage layer, loose soil, good light, convenient drainage and irrigation, medium or upper-middle fertility. It is not suitable for continuous cropping with Solanaceae crops to avoid cross-infection of diseases.

two。 In order to loosen the soil and improve the ability of storing water and fertilizer, the land for planting potato should be deeply ploughed and fine raked before winter.

3. Reasonable close planting according to the characteristics of varieties and soil fertility, generally use 1.2 to 1.3 meters sowing width, that is, 0.8 meters in large rows, 0.4 meters in small rows, 0.3 meters in pond spacing, and 3000m to 3500 ponds per mu. Sowing requires deep, straight, uniform, that is, deep plough, deep seed, deep cover soil, sowing depth of about 25 cm, sowing potato main bud toward the bottom of the plow.

4. Scientific fertilization and one-time application of sufficient base fertilizer. The base fertilizer is mainly farm manure and potato special fertilizer, with 15002500 kg of farm manure per mu and 60kg of potato special fertilizer per mu.

5. To strengthen the management of intertillage, double ridges and high soil moisture cultivation, the management of intertillage is the key. Weeds should be weeded in time after potato emergence. After a month or so of seedling emergence, the first time ploughing, weeding and soil cultivation are carried out for the first time, and part of the soil culture in the empty row is carried out on the potato row; after an interval of about a month, the soil in the empty row is cultivated to the potato planting line as far as possible, so that the soil moisture height reaches 0.2 to 0.3 meters, and the soil moisture surface forms ridges and empty rows to form ditches, which is conducive to irrigation in spring drought and drainage when rainfall is concentrated in summer. In general, the soil moisture was ploughed for 2 times for 3 times, which really reached the deep cover of deep planting, so as to ensure the nutrients and water needed for the growth of potato, so that all the potato stolons were deeply buried in the soil, so as to increase potato yield and yield.

6. Picking flowers and removing buds for varieties with strong berry formation, the buds should be removed in time after potato budding, so as to avoid nutrient consumption caused by flowering and fruit and ensure the nutrient supply of potato pieces.

7. The biggest disease to control potato disease is late blight, which can be controlled by drugs. Field spray was carried out with metalaxyl manganese zinc or Redomir 400 × 600 times, 100 grams per mu and 50 kilograms of water each time. The first treatment was in the budding stage of potato, and the interval of the second treatment was 15-18 days. Pesticides should be used alternately to avoid drug resistance.

8. After the potatoes are ripe, the potatoes should be harvested in time to avoid unnecessary losses caused by underground pests and flooding. Small spring potatoes are generally harvested from April to May, big spring potatoes are harvested from August to September, and autumn potatoes are harvested in December. Sweet potatoes can also be harvested timely according to the market situation and the size of the potatoes. Avoid mechanical damage as far as possible during harvest, remove sick, rotten, injured and deformed potatoes, prevent potato pieces from being drenched in the rain or in the sun for a long time, and timely grading packaging for sale or storage.