Cultivation and Management techniques of No-tillage Potato

Potato no-tillage cultivation is a cultivation method in which potato tubers are sown and covered with rice straw without ploughing the soil layer directly after the harvest of late rice or single-cropping middle rice. This method can save ploughing and reduce labor intensity, and because rice straw and potato stems and leaves return to the field, it plays the role of fertilizing the field. It is a sustainable agricultural farming mode of labor-saving, labor-saving, cost-saving and income-increasing. It is also a good way to make full use of winter fallow fields in limestone mountainous areas of northern Guangdong. The main points of its cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:

First, sprout

Seed potatoes should choose high-quality varieties, such as Atlantic Ocean, Feurita and so on. The potato should be treated with sprouting before seed. Generally, the sliced potato was soaked in 5-10 mg / L gibberellin solution for 15 minutes, and the whole potato was soaked in 10-15 mg / L gibberellin solution for 20 minutes. After soaking the seeds, pick them up and put them in the wet sand under astigmatism to promote germination. When the buds turn purple and grow sturdily, they can be sown. When slicing and sowing, the cutter should be disinfected, requiring a single piece weighing 30 to 50 grams, each potato block should have bud eyes, and seed should be mixed with grass wood.

2. Ditching and bedding

Every 3 meters bag ditch border, ditch width of 30 cm, ditch mud evenly scattered on the border surface and showed a tortoise back type, conducive to drainage, and then open a good Huantian ditch.

Third, sowing and covering grass

The planting specification is 25 cm plant spacing, 30 cm row spacing, 9 rows per row, and the bud eyes are upward when planting. After sowing, base fertilizer is applied evenly between rows, 2000 kg of rotten manure and 50 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu, and then covered with straw, about 10 cm thick. After covering the grass, pour once rotten human feces and urine.

IV. Field management

1 topdressing: after emergence, apply strong seedlings after diluting 200 kg of mature human feces and urine or 5 kg urea with water. In the bud stage, 2.5 kg urea and 10 kg potassium sulfate were added to each mu and watered. 15 kg potassium sulfate was applied per mu during tuber expansion, and then 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 60 kg was sprayed on the leaf surface, once every 7-10 days, for a total of 2-3 times, in order to prevent plant premature senescence and promote tuber expansion.

2 Water management: Rain Water for a long time, timely dredging and drainage. In case of drought, you can water it once in the evening, but the frequency should not be too much.

3 Seedling control: 15% paclobutrazol was sprayed with 60 kg water per mu after closure to inhibit leaf growth.

4 pest control: potato late blight can be sprayed with 200 grams of carbendazim or 350 grams of mancozeb or 167 grams of carbendazim with water. It is found that the diseased plants such as bacterial wilt, ring rot and virus should be removed in time and prevented with Zhanshanling and other agents. The main potato pests are aphids, tuber moths, 28-star lady beetles and so on. Aphids can be sprayed with 2500 times of aphid lice, and tuber moths can be used. The 28-star lady beetle can be sprayed with 2000 times EC or 1500 times EC. 28-star lady beetles can be sprayed with 1000 times of trichlorfon or 1000 times of dimethoate EC.