Control measures of main diseases of soybean

Soybean mosaic disease the pathogen of soybean mosaic disease is virus, and there is no specific agent at present. The key to the prevention and control of the disease is to control the occurrence, spread and harm of aphids, so as to "cut off the source of poison, control insects and control the disease". In the initial stage of aphid occurrence, timely drug control should be used to control aphids in the early stage of aphid outbreak.

1. Agricultural control: ① popularizes disease-resistant varieties; ② strictly selects seeds and removes brown spots before sowing; ③ establishes non-(low) toxin seed propagation system and healthy seed field. The healthy seeds should be selected in the seed fields, and the diseased seedlings should be removed by shoveling before the occurrence of aphids. The seed fields should be isolated from the virus source for more than 100m to prevent the spread of the disease; ④ should avoid late sowing and avoid the peak of aphids in the susceptible period; timely control should be taken when aphids appear in ⑤ soybean fields. 50% aldicarb wettable powder and 5% rifampin EC can be used; ⑥ can clean up weeds around farmland. two。 Physical or biological control: silver gray plastic film can be placed in the field to drive aphids. The amount and times of chemical application in the field should be reduced as far as possible to protect the natural enemies of aphids such as lacewings, ladybugs and aphid flies. 3. Chemical prevention and treatment: start spraying before or at the initial stage of the onset of viral disease. From July to August, insecticides can also be sprayed to control virus diseases in combination with aphid control. 4. Commonly used agents: 2% JK water agent, 20% virus A wettable powder, etc. 5. Scope of application: all soybean producing areas. 6. Matters needing attention: spray should be uniform, no leakage spray, continuous application for 2 times, interval of 7 days to 10 days each time; unified action, centralized and continuous prevention and control. Chemicals should be used alternately to prevent aphids from developing drug resistance.

Soybean rust mainly selects resistant (tolerant) varieties, supplemented by chemical control, combined with agricultural measures to carry out comprehensive control.

1. Agricultural control: ① selects disease-resistant varieties; ② in serious areas, can change autumn sowing to spring sowing, avoid suitable climatic conditions; ③ reasonable rotation and intercropping, clear ditch drainage, reduce field humidity; ④ ploughing and weeding, change field microclimate; ⑤ increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to improve plant disease resistance; ⑥ autumn soybean area does not sow beans, can reduce the number of bacteria. two。 Chemical prevention and control: make a good forecast and spray at the appropriate time in the year of serious illness. 3. Commonly used agents: Fanling, chlorothalonil, o-amide, benzoate, azinamide, Dysenmeng zinc and so on. 4. Scope of application: soybean rust occurrence area. 5. Note: apply water as required and spray evenly on the leaves. Prevention and control should be timely, especially when there are many rainy days and high humidity in the field, the development of the disease should be controlled in time.