Cultivation techniques of Panax notoginseng

Cultivation season and cultivation mode

1) cultivation in open field. In the south, there are many rows of open field cultivation because of the warm climate. Open field cultivation can also be carried out in the north, usually raising seedlings from March to April, planting in the open field in May, and harvesting from June to September.

2) protected cultivation. In order to obtain high quality and long-term supply, solar greenhouse can be used in the northern region. Because it can be cultivated perennially in the greenhouse, it can be harvested many times after one cultivation. It can be planted all the year round, but it is better in spring and autumn.

Cultivation techniques

1) the method of reproduction. The buds of ① were propagated. Take the buds from the old plants, plant the buds of a single full plant in a hole plate or nutrition bowl, the bud tip up, not too deep, just slightly expose the bud tip. The development of plant buds is fast and slow, and those who grow up early can be planted first. ② cuttage propagation. The cuttings of Panax notoginseng are easy to survive, and the survival rate of cuttings with leaves is faster. Cuttings must adopt mature and medium-sized double-node branches to get neat seedlings, which are not suitable for being too old or too tender. The survival rate of single-node cuttings with leaves is poor. The seedling age is about 30 days.

2) preparing land, fertilizing and making beds. For large-scale productive planting, fertile land should be selected. The growth period of Panax notoginseng is long and rich nutrients are needed. About 5000 kg of mature organic fertilizer and 50 kg of compound fertilizer are applied every 667m2, which are fully mixed with the soil to form a high border (ditch to ditch) of 1.5m wide. If scaffolding cultivation is carried out, fertilizer and planting can be applied on both sides of the scaffolding depending on the situation of the scaffolding.

3) colonization. The 1.5-meter high border was planted in two rows, with a row spacing of 60 cm and a plant spacing of 40 cm, with 2000 plants per 667 square meters.

4) field management. In addition to ploughing, weeding, watering, fertilization and other general field management, Panax notoginseng should also carry out the following management: ① erection. Use bamboo poles or strips of wood to form a bracket about 2 meters high, or use a greenhouse bracket to grow with Liteng notoginseng. ② summer shade. In summer, because the light is too strong, it is not conducive to the vegetative growth of the plant, so the shading net with a light transmittance of 50% and 60% can be used for shading cultivation to improve the commodity quality. ③ topping, picking buds and removing flowers. The top advantage of Panax notoginseng is very strong. In order to increase the number of branches, topping can be used to promote side branches of peanuts at the early stage of growth. Both plant bud and flower ear consume plant nutrition, and timely removal of plant bud and flower ear is beneficial to the growth of leaves and increase yield.

5) harvest. Panax notoginseng can harvest leaves, tender shoots, plant buds and roots. At the initial stage of growth, plant growth should be given priority to, which can be harvested sporadically. If the harvest is too early and the harvest quantity is too large, the plant growth will be seriously affected and the yield will be affected finally. About 75 days after planting, it entered the peak period of production, and a large number of crops could be harvested, but it was suitable that the plant growth was not affected. If it is not smooth, the lower leaves of the plant will not age quickly and can still be sold. Pinching the length of the tender shoot to the base of the tender shoot is not aging, generally about 15 cm. Tuberous roots are usually harvested after autumn or when stubble is changed or used medicinally. The buds can be harvested at any time after the plant grows up.

6) pest control. Diseases and insect pests of Panax notoginseng rarely occur. The disease is mainly brown spot, that is, snake eye disease, mainly damaged leaves, the disease spot on the injured leaf is nearly round, the edge is nearly purplish red, the boundary is clear, easy to perforate, and when it is serious, the disease spot is dense and unedible. Prevention and control measures: ① properly close planting, pay attention to ventilation, do not over-watering. Spraying 7500-fold solution of Zhibao can promote the early growth and rapid development of the plant. At the initial stage of ②, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder was sprayed with 1000 times or 50% Sukeling 2000 times.