Cultivation techniques of Agaricus bisporus in Paddy Field (5)

V. Integrated prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and insect pests should adhere to the principle of giving priority to prevention, prevention is more important than control, and adhere to the principle of combining agricultural control, physical control, biological ecological control and chemical control. Put an end to the use of pesticides with high toxicity and high residue, and put an end to the use of drugs during mushroom picking. Due to the influence of environmental factors or improper technical management, diseases and deformed mushrooms (such as Pleurotus ostreatus, etc.), as well as miscellaneous bacteria (such as Umbrella, etc.), should be treated mainly by integrated control. The main measures are as follows: first, the formula of the culture material should be accurate and the material collocation should be reasonable; second, the fermentation should be uniform and the water management should be appropriate; the third is to cover the soil carefully and the disinfection should be strict; fourth, the management should be standardized and the problems should be dealt with in time, and the environmental conditions of soil acidity, temperature and humidity should be adjusted in time.

At present, the main pests that harm Agaricus bisporus are: mites, maggots, nematodes, snails and so on. The staple food mycelium and fruiting body of mites is the enemy of Agaricus bisporus, so we should pay great attention to the control of mites and destroy them quickly once found. Maggots mainly harm the base of the fruiting body, which bites off the mycelium connecting the base, causing the fruiting body to wither and die. Insect pests mainly harm fruiting bodies, snails mainly harm bacterial caps, if the above-mentioned pests appear, they should be killed in time.

During the period of mushroom production, special attention should be paid to the use of drugs for disease prevention and pest control: first, it is strictly forbidden to use drugs with high toxicity or long residual period; second, the application should not be excessive; third, the application should be carried out in the afternoon or evening; fourth, it is best to choose pollution-free pesticides.

VI. Picking mushrooms in time

Agaricus bisporus usually takes about 35 days from sowing to harvesting. When the cap of Agaricus bisporus grows to 2cm ~ 4cm wide, the mushroom is picked in time. Mushroom harvesting requires flat cutting, one-size-fits-all cut, no mud feet, and the stalk is 0.5 cm ~ 1 cm long. When picking mushrooms, harvest them by stages and handle them gently to keep the mushroom cover white and non-invasive. In the process of picking mushrooms, dig up the old roots in time and add new soil to keep the side of the room flat. It is forbidden to press the side of the mushroom bed with your hands or feet. Keep the site clean and hygienic and reduce the infection rate of miscellaneous bacteria. (end)