Species of physiological malformations of mushrooms

The malformations of mushrooms are mostly caused by temperature difference or adverse environment, and may also be related to the strains. The common malformed mushrooms are as follows:

1. The stalk is hollow. The mushroom looks normal from the outside, but when the mushroom foot is cut off, it is found that the stalk is partially hollow and there is usually a circular cavity around a hard core. Then, the stalk section may crack and roll back, so that the appearance of the mushroom is poor and the commerciality is reduced.

The reason: this is mainly caused by the low air humidity in the mushroom period, the rapid evaporation of water in the mushroom body, the drying of the soil layer and the lack of moisture in the fruiting body.

two。 The stalk is cracked. The vertical cracking of the stalk is sometimes accompanied by horizontal cracking, which causes the stipe lobes to roll up and down.

Reason: the cracking symptoms caused by mushrooms growing in very wet covered soil, then drying, and then rapidly increasing the humidity of covered soil.

3. The stalk is swollen. Occasionally, the mushroom stalk is enlarged, which may be at the base, middle or top of the stalk.

4. Scleroses. Diseased mushrooms with open umbrellas. Seen from the bottom up, the color is pale and the fold is very light or non-existent. If the cap breaks, the cap usually appears thicker than usual.

5. Ugly mushroom. The differentiation of fruiting body looks blurred and is often related to the first tide of mushrooms in autumn. Can not normally develop into a variety of ugly mushrooms, from the tumor to the shape of the fruiting body can be distinguished, but the cap is strangely shaped. Individual fruiting bodies may also be linked together.

6. Waterlogging. The symptoms of mushroom disease are clearly visible in the water intake area, especially in the stalk, such as kneading and squeezing the mushroom, it will come out of the water, and sometimes the mature fruiting body will spontaneously release a large amount of clear or colored liquid and rot.

7. Hidden dry rot. The symptoms are similar to dry rot, but can restore growth and produce normal fruiting bodies. It is caused by spraying too much water for a long time.

8. Mushroom buds are clumps. Produce a large number of nailhead mushrooms, basically can not grow up. This occurs when the environment is too favorable for the formation of mushroom buds.

9. Mushrooms are clumps. Mushroom agglomeration means that mushrooms occur in piles, which is related to the periodic low temperature during the formation of mushroom buds.

10. Fungal quilt. When the hyphae grow and penetrate the soil, there is a thick layer of white hyphae on the surface of the soil. The bacteria are impervious and the emergence of mushrooms is hindered. This is due to high concentrations of carbon dioxide plus high humidity and high temperature. In addition to adjusting the environmental conditions, the remedy is to scratch the bacteria slightly and cover the soil with a new layer of soil immediately when the fungus has just occurred.

11. The mushroom bud died. It usually appears in the mushroom tide later, where the bacteria grow well in the covered soil, but the mushroom buds die and do not produce mushrooms.

Reason: it is usually caused by water soaking on the surface of the covered soil due to the existence of impervious mycelium layer in the covered soil. In contrast to the quilt disease, the cause is that the mushrooms do not spray enough water in the early stage, so that the dense hyphae are planted in the dry soil.

twelve。 Bring mushrooms. When mushrooms come out of too deep covered soil, they are often covered with soil.

The reason: the emergence of mushroom in the deep layer is caused by the delay of mushroom production or the drying of the surface layer of covered soil.

13. The mushroom is scaly. The surface scales on the mushroom body are cocked up.

Cause: natural reaction to air drying or pentachlorophenol sodium smoke from mushroom bed.