Cultivation Technique of Mushroom in Indoor Multi-layer Bed

Mushroom house: mushroom house can be simple thatched cottage, plastic greenhouse, old living room and so on. Windows are opened around the mushroom house, and don't open the windshield on the roof. The mushroom house has a 4-6-story bedstead made of bamboo or other building materials, with walkways around each bedstead.

Culture materials: there are many formulations of mushroom culture materials, the most commonly used formula is 3000 kg of rice and wheat straw, 300kg of rapeseed cake, 25kg of urea, 6000 kg of human feces and urine, 60kg of calcium superphosphate, 50kg of red ash and 50kg of gypsum. The culture material should be pre-piled and fermented as follows: soak the rice and wheat straw in August, then choose a clean cement field, add a layer of grass and other materials in the formula, and pile it to a culture pile with a height of 1.4 meters, a width of 2 meters and an unlimited length, and covered with plastic film. After 3-4 days, the temperature in the reactor can rise to 60-70 ℃. At this time, the material will be turned inside and outside, up and down for the first time, and then turn again every 4, 3 and 2 days. Then these materials were moved into the bed frame of the mushroom room and heated immediately for the second indoor fermentation to promote the further decomposition of the culture materials and cultivate more bacterial proteins. At the same time, it also played the role of disease prevention and insecticidal. After two times of fermentation, the original structure of dung grass has been completely changed. The culture material, as well as the bedstead, was covered with white beneficial microorganisms, which not only did not smell of animal manure, but also filled the mushroom room with fragrance.

Sowing: when the temperature of the culture material drops below 28 ℃, sprinkle the bacteria evenly on the material surface, and then pat the culture material by hand, so that about 75% of the bacteria are mixed into the material, and the rest are left on the material table. Covered with wet straw, 1-2 days later, new hyphae appeared on the seed block, and 7-10 days later, the hyphae were covered with material surface.

Covering soil: about 20 days after sowing, when the mycelium extends into the material about 2 beat 3, the surface is covered with about 3 cm thick covered soil made of rice chaff and broken soil or a mixture of rice chaff and river pond mud. Soil mulching is a unique technology of mushroom cultivation, which is mainly to stimulate the mycelium from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, prevent the rapid change of temperature and humidity of the culture material, and help to support the growth of mushroom and provide some nutrition for the mycelium.

Management: the general requirement is that the air in the mushroom room should be fresh, change air frequently, do not or only need a small amount of light, pay attention to cooling in high temperature in early autumn and spring, keep warm in winter, and keep the culture material and covering soil moist all the time.

Mushroom: covered with soil for about 20 days can grow into mushrooms. The mushroom emergence period can last from autumn to the spring of the following year. It can be harvested when the fruiting body grows to the size of a button without opening the umbrella. If it is harvested after opening the umbrella, cans cannot be made, and the merchandise and edible use will be greatly reduced.