Identification of estrus in fox and marten

First, the identification of the fox's estrus: the estrus of the fox is generally from mid-January to mid-March, while that of the arctic fox is from mid-February to late April. Estrus is easy to master in a male fox. When the male fox enters the estrus, the performance is active, tends to be opposite sex, the food intake decreases, the "fox fragrance" in the urine increases frequently, and the male fox shows great interest in it when it is put into the female fox. for example, female foxes can mate smoothly when they are in estrus. Estrus identification of female fox is more complicated, commonly used identification methods, vulva observation method, put pair test method, vaginal smear method, estrus measuring method, estrus symptoms: female fox shows loss of appetite, climbing cage door. During the peak period of estrus, the vulva is oval, highly swollen, and the color is pink. At the same time, the labia is extroverted and the color becomes darker, the vulva can be seen slightly wrinkled, individual vaginas flow out of curdled secretions, and the female fox is active, frequent urination and gentle temperament. If the female fox is put into the male fox cage at this time, the female fox will automatically lift its tail and accept the climbing of the male fox, which is the best time for estrus mating.

Second, the identification of oestrus: raccoon dogs are generally in estrus from February to March. Due to the different latitudes of different regions, the time of the beginning of estrus is slightly earlier and later. Heilongjiang Province had estrus mating in late January, Jilin and Liaoning began estrus in early February, and the peak of estrus mating was in late February (accounting for more than 80%). Estrus identification of female raccoon dogs is generally carried out from three aspects: behavior observation, external reproductive organ examination and test. If you have the conditions, you can check the cell image of vaginal secretion. The above methods should be combined with each other, but the examination of other reproductive organs should be given priority to, and the test situation should prevail. At the beginning of the mating period, the whole population should be identified in estrus, and the shape, color and secretion of the vulva of each raccoon raccoon should be recorded. In the future, it will be checked according to the progress of estrus of each raccoon dog. Generally, the "+" can be used, and the mother raccoon dog can be checked again every 5 to 6 days. If the estrus changes obviously (the hair is basically separated, the swelling of the vulva increases, the color begins to darken, and there is a large amount of yellowish mucus), it is marked as "+ +". Such mothers can be checked again after 2 to 3 days. If the female raccoon dog has a typical estrus (the pubic hair is completely separated, the vulva is highly red and swollen, the color is dark red, and there is a lot of milky yellow mucus), it is marked "+". At this time, the female raccoon dog has entered or is about to enter estrus, should immediately put on the test, if accepted mating, can replace the male raccoon dog formal breeding, can also be directly with the selection plan male raccoon dog pair. If you refuse to mate, you need to check the alignment every day until you accept mating. In addition to the geographical location mentioned above, the factors that affect the estrus of raccoon dogs include nutritional conditions, the age of mother raccoon dogs and heterosexual stimulation. If the breeding is extensive before the mating period, the normal development of its reproductive organs can not be guaranteed, and estrus is generally late or even non-estrus. If the nutrition level is too high, so that the mother raccoon dog is too fat, it can also affect normal estrus. Therefore, in the preparation period, the full price of feed should be guaranteed and the nutrition level should not be too high. Age is an important factor affecting the early and late estrus of mother raccoon dogs. 1-year-old mother raccoon dog estrus is the latest, concentrated in late February and early March; 2-year-old and 3-year-old mother raccoon dog estrus earlier, concentrated in mid-February; 4-year-old and over 5-year-old mother raccoon dog estrus later than 2-3 years old, concentrated in late February. In the mating period, if the female raccoon dog in the proestrus has frequent contact with the male raccoon dog, it can also promote it to enter the estrus earlier.

Third, the identification of mink estrus: the oestrus rule of mink is generally between 2 and 3 months. In March

It was more concentrated in the early and middle stages. There are 2-3 estrous cycles (some 4-5). Each estrous cycle is usually 6~lO days (estrus lasts for 3 days at intervals of 5-7 days). Population structure, light cycle change, nutrition and other factors affect mink estrus. The mother raccoon dog is in estrus early, and the new raccoon dog is later in the year, and the new raccoon dog is born earlier than the late one. The low latitude (south) is slightly earlier than the high latitude (north). External breeding is later than self-breeding. Identification of oestrus of minks the identification of oestrus of minks is mainly based on the examination of external reproductive organs, and combined with the performance of activities. Look, check, release. In the form of. ① observation of the performance of estrus: estrus female mink decreased appetite, increased activity, showed a state of excitement. Sometimes licking the vulva, frequent urination, dark green urine, some issued a "goo, goo" courtship cry. There is an obvious tendency towards the opposite sex when the neighboring cage is a male mink. ② examination of external genitalia: see table l-7. The second stage is the duration of estrus, which is the appropriate time for mating. It is difficult to mate in the first and third stages. ③ put on the test: the female marten in estrus shows courtship when they put it in pairs, and some of them are afraid and avoid the male mink, but do not pounce on the male marten. The non-estrus female mink shows hostility, resisting the male marten to climb across and pounce on the male mink's head, often hiding in a corner of the cage net or in a small room, making a shrill scream. In the test, to choose a docile male mink, the time should not be too long, even if the female mink is not hot, it can also play the role of stimulation of the opposite sex. If you choose an irascible male mink, it will frighten the female mink, which will not only fail to test the estrus, but also affect the future estrus.

Note: some female minks do not see obvious morphological changes in their external reproductive organs during estrus, but they can still mate and conceive, which is called recessive estrus or silent estrus. Generally, after entering the peak period of estrus, when there is still no change in the external genitalia, we should pay attention to whether there is the possibility of recessive estrus. You can choose a mild-tempered male mink to test the estrus, or you can extract the female mink's vaginal secretions and observe them under a microscope. If a large number of keratinized epithelial cells are found, it will be oestrus.