Cultivation and Management of Sweet Pear Melon

I. selection of species

Baishami, Yunmi No. 1, Japanese pear melon and other varieties are selected. The single melon weighs 300 to 500 grams, has high sugar content, strong sweet taste, beautiful appearance and strong disease resistance.

2. Raising seedlings

1. According to the cultivation season and mode, open-field arch shed and greenhouse are selected to raise seedlings, while plastic film and open-field cultivation can be used to raise seedlings on the sunny border, and the sowing time is from late February to mid-March. Generally use the nutrition bowl to raise seedlings, load the nutrient soil into the nutrition bowl, put it in the seedling shed, and irrigate the bottom water.

two。 Soak the seeds with 50% carbendazim 500 × 600 times solution for 30 minutes, rinse the seeds with clean water for 4 hours, wrap them with a wet cloth and place them under the condition of 25 ℃. When 80% of the seeds germinate, sow the seeds.

3. Sow seeds on a sunny day, sow 1 to 2 seeds in each bowl, cover the bed soil with 1 cm, cover with plastic film to keep warm and moisturize. When the seedlings are unearthed, they are generally not watered to avoid plastic film burning. If the bed soil is dry, you can spray water with a spray can in the morning on a sunny day.

4. Keep the temperature at 25: 30 ℃ during the day and 15: 20 ℃ at night. When the seedling height is 10-12 cm, the temperature can be reduced when 3 leaves and 1 heart, and squatting seedlings will be carried out at about 20 ℃ during the day to be planted.

III. Colonization

Cantaloupe can not be planted repeatedly, turn the soil deeply before planting, re-apply base fertilizer, mainly high-quality organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, avoid chlorine-containing fertilizer. Generally 667 square meters apply 5000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer, 2 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 4 kg of potash fertilizer. Press big row 80 centimeters, small row 60 centimeters open ditch watering, air bask, make the ridge of 30 centimeters wide, 15 centimeters high, cover film to build shed. After covering the film for 5 days, the seedlings with developed and robust roots were selected and planted with a distance of about 35 cm. The seedlings were planted in water, covered with soil after infiltration, and the mouth of the film was pressed strictly with soil.

IV. Management

1. After planting, the closed greenhouse is insulated, 25: 30 ℃ during the day and 15: 20 ℃ at night. Five days after planting, choose a sunny day to water the seedlings along the ditch, generally do not water the melon before sitting, keep the relative humidity 60% to 70%, and adjust the ventilation rate of the greenhouse according to the temperature and humidity.

two。 Sweet pear melon can be planted with hanging vine or cultivated on the ground, depending on the planting form. the hanging vine can be carried out when the main vine has 6 or 7 leaves, pruning and branching with the extension of the vine, leaving 2 or 3 sub-vines to sit on the melon in the 12th-16th section, and leaving 2 leaves to pick the heart after sitting down.

3. Sweet pear melon is a cross-pollinated crop. There is no insect pollination in the greenhouse and artificial pollination is needed. At 7: 10 am on a sunny day, the stamens of the newly opened male flowers can be smeared on the pistil stigma. Each male flower can be smeared with 3-4 female flowers. When the weather is not sunny, you can also dip the female flower in the flower on the day of blooming, or spray it with 10 mg / kg anti-falling element, and sparse the melon when the young melon grows to the size of walnut.

4. When the melon grows to the size of walnut, the expanded melon water is watered once, 2 kg of nitrogen fertilizer is applied with 667 square meters of water, 2 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 2 kg of potassium sulfate are applied after each stubble melon is seated, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaf surface for 3 times, the watering of the first stubble melon is stopped 10 days before harvest, and watering is resumed after harvest.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

Muskmelon has strong disease resistance. The powdery mildew was sprayed with 20% fumigation, the downy mildew was fumigated with chlorothalonil or 5% chlorothalonil dust, the vine blight was sprayed with 50% methyl topiramate, the root was irrigated with 60% succinic aluminum 350 times, and the aphids were sprayed with 22% dichlorvos fumigation or 10% imidacloprid powder 1500 times.

VI. Harvest

Pick when the peel turns white and the navel is fragrant.