Mechanized soil cultivation Technology of Potato

At present, it is in the middle tillage stage of potato planting. In order to guide the production of agricultural machinery, the matters needing attention and fault maintenance of potato mechanization in ploughing and soil cultivation are introduced as follows:

1. Adjustment method (take 3ZF-4 as an example)

1. Line spacing adjustment. The row spacing adjustment of 3ZF4 potato mid-tillage fertilizer machine: based on the center line of the front crossbeam of the cultivator, loosen the fixed screws on the main beam on both sides of the mid-tillage fertilizer machine, move the unit of the mid-tillage fertilizer machine, measure the distance between the two adjacent shovels to the desired size, and then tighten the nut. It is required that the distance between the two adjacent shovel tips is equal to the required line spacing, and the error is less than 5 mm.

two。 Hoe and spade open wings to adjust. The adjustment of the opening wing of the hoe is realized by adjusting the bolt position of the shovel wing, remove the fastening bolt, move the opening of the wings to the required angle, and then install the bolt in the relative hole. Note: the opening angles of the wings must be symmetrical relative to the sides of the single unit, otherwise the quality of intertillage will be affected.

3. The adjustment of burying depth. The burying depth is mainly realized by adjusting the upper and lower position of the hoe on the rack. In the operation of ploughing and fertilization in harder soil, the front depth-limiting wheel should be removed, the fastening screws should be loosened, and the upper and lower position of the hoe should be adjusted to meet the agronomic requirements; if working in looser soil, the depth-limiting wheel should be installed to adjust the upper and lower positions of the depth-limiting wheel and hoe respectively to meet the agronomic requirements.

4. The adjustment of fertilizer discharge. The fertilizer discharge per mu of 3ZF-4 potato ploughing and fertilizing machine is between 7kg / mu and 45kg / mu, which can be adjusted correctly according to agronomic requirements. The specific adjustment method is as follows: first tighten the fastening nut on the fertilizer discharge shaft, and make the fertilizer discharge meet the prescribed agronomic requirements by adjusting the effective working length of the fertilizer discharge trough extending into the fertilizer discharge box (the fertilizer discharge trough extends into the fertilizer discharge box with a large working length and a large amount of fertilizer discharge, otherwise it is small).

II. Operating rules

First, the driving operation technology must be skilled, go straight, otherwise it will shovel off the seedlings and reduce production; second, after the machine is connected with the tractor, adjust the level of the left and right suspension arm of the tractor lifting mechanism, tighten the zipper of the suspension arm, minimize the swing of the machinery and tools, and keep it stable to prevent injury; third, in the operation, we should often clean up the weeds and soil entangled on the working parts in order to keep the operation normal. At the end of each shift, weed and mud should be removed thoroughly, screws should be fastened, and bearings should be lubricated with grease; fourth, machines and tools should be stopped in time to clean up and eliminate when faults and weeds are found in the operation. Fifth, the machine is in a suspended state, do not carry out maintenance work under the machine, in order to prevent injury.