Prevention and control techniques of black heart and hollow potato
Black heart and hollow potato belong to the physiological diseases of potato. The specific etiology, symptoms and control methods are as follows:
Black heart disease of potato tuber
1. Symptoms of the disease appear in the center of potato tubers with irregular patterns from blue to black, and in severe cases, more than half or the whole tuber will turn black.
two。 The disease is caused by anoxia in potato tubers. In potato storage, when the storage cellar is tightly sealed or the potato pile is too large, the potato cultivation soil is hardened and impervious, which will occur due to the lack of internal oxygen supply. The occurrence of black heart disease is related to temperature. in general, the symptoms develop slowly and the disease is lighter at lower temperature, and the disease is more serious at higher temperature.
3. The main control measures are to keep the storage cellar or potato pile with good ventilation during storage, and to choose aerated and loose soil for potato cultivation.
Second, potato tuber hollow heart disease
1. In general, large tubers are prone to hollow phenomenon. Before the hollow appeared, the tissue was water-immersed or transparent.
two。 There are two main causes of the disease: excessive watering during the expansion of sweet potato tuber, or soil drought in the early stage of potato tuber expansion, and sudden watering or rainfall in the later stage, which makes the tuber absorb a large amount of water and increase rapidly. on the other hand, the dry matter in the tuber can not be completely filled, which leads to hollow. Due to the insufficient application of potash fertilizer, the transportation of nutrients in potato tubers is slow, which can not be filled in time, and the hollow phenomenon is easy to occur.
3. During the period of potato tuber expansion, watering should be uniform, proper soil moisture should be maintained, reasonable close planting, increasing potassium fertilizer and soil cultivation should be paid attention to.
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Scientific Storage Technology of Potato
How to scientifically store fresh potatoes for seed, edible and processing is the key link to extend potato industry chain. Through scientific storage, it can not only adjust market supply and demand, but also increase value by 20%~30%. The present storage situation, existing problems and scientific storage methods of potato in Weichang County were discussed through investigation and production practice. Although paddock farmers have the habit of storing potatoes and have accumulated rich storage experience, there are also many problems.
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Black heart disease of potato
(disease diagnosis) it is mainly caused by the damage of potato storage. In the central part of the tuber, it forms an irregular pattern from black to blue-black, and develops into a black heart from point to tuber. With the serious development, the whole potato pieces can be discolored. The boundary of the victimization of the black heart is obvious. In the later stage, the black heart tissue gradually hardens. At room temperature, the black center can soften and turn black. Different tubers have very different responses to causing black hearts. (etiology) this is a physiological disease caused by respiratory asphyxia due to insufficient oxygen supply to the internal tissue of the tuber.
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