Causes and Comprehensive Control measures of High Fever in Pigs

Recently, many farms have consulted on the causes and technical problems of prevention and treatment of porcine high fever. Based on my own practical experience, the author puts forward some views for your reference.

Cause of disease

Porcine high fever is essentially a pig disease caused by immunosuppressive pig disease caused by a variety of viruses, bacteria and protozoa.

Biological factors: mixed infection of classical swine fever virus, circovirus, blue ear virus, pseudorabies virus, eperythrozoon, toxoplasmosis, streptococcus, paratyphoid bacilli, mycoplasma, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Haemophilus parasuis, pasteurella and so on. There are more than 15 pathogens, among which the infection rate of classical swine fever virus is the highest and the most typical. Toxoplasma gondii, eperythrozoon, blue ear virus, circovirus and swine fever virus are common, and there are also mixed infections of classical swine fever virus and paratyphoid bacilli of offspring, which are often dominated by classical swine fever virus, mixed with one or more viruses, bacteria and protozoa, so the mortality rate is high, the cure rate is low, and even the whole group is destroyed.

Stress factors: high temperature and humidity, high feeding density, poor weaning transition, mixed group fighting, long-distance transportation, vaccination, stress caused by water shortage and so on.

Nutritional factors: lack of vitamins and trace elements in feed and imbalance or increase the content of liver elements promoting growth; moldy feed, mycotoxin damage to the body; feed added antibiotics and other immunosuppressive drugs.

Drug factors: one is the abuse of antibiotics. Long-term, massive and complex addition of antibiotics to prevent pig disease, make pigs produce drug resistance, and increase the burden of liver and kidney detoxification, damage the normal function of liver, kidney and gastrointestinal tract, thus reducing the ability of pigs to resist disease. The second is the improper use of drugs in treatment. Extensive use of antipyretic analgesics and immunosuppressive drugs such as dexamethasone to cure symptoms but not root causes, aggravate the disease and accelerate death.

Immune factors: do not pay attention to the programmed and scientific immunity of the usual epidemic (bacterial) vaccine, resulting in poor immunity of pigs after immunization; improper preservation, transportation and use of the vaccine, resulting in immune failure; random injection of vaccine, coupled with lax disinfection, resulting in the expansion of the epidemic or aggravating death; immune inefficacy caused by the use of antiviral, immunosuppressive drugs and antibiotics before and after immunization.

Environmental factors: the construction of pig farms is not standard; the formulation of disinfection systems and procedures is unreasonable, and the implementation of the system is not in place; we do not pay attention to the work of killing rats and mosquitoes and flies, and raising dogs and cats in pig farms, resulting in the spread of epidemic foci; breeding pigs carry virus, surveillance, elimination and purification are not in place; pigs are sold when they are sick and distribute the source of epidemic disease.

Precaution

Scientific feeding and management is a prerequisite. Large-scale pig farms should implement scientific production process and standardized feeding, and farmers and small-scale pig farms should use nutrition standardized premix produced by standardized enterprises. Vaccination is the key to disease prevention. Combined with the local epidemic situation to formulate a scientific and standardized immunization procedure, and verified on the spot, in order to have a uniform immunity to the pigs in this area and this farm. Medicine and health care is the guarantee. Drug prevention is very necessary, because there are many kinds of diseases that may occur in pig farms, it is impossible to be immunized with vaccines, and there are still many diseases that have not developed effective vaccines. No disease, can not be prevented by antibiotics, advocate the use of probiotics and traditional Chinese medicine health care. For high fever, you can use 100 ml of round blue pentapeptide plus 50 kg of water every 2 weeks, let pigs drink freely for 1 day, mix 100 kg of 200 grams of Lanyuan Reduqing, and let pigs eat freely for 2 days; when the weather is hot, 100 grams of Yingsuan is added to every 100 kg of feed to allow pigs to eat freely to reduce stress reaction. At the same time, pay attention to strengthen disinfection. Formulate a scientific disinfection system and ensure implementation in place; regularly detect and eliminate poisonous breeding boars and sows to purify the source of epidemic; use mechanical rodent control; mix 500 grams per ton of feed mixed with gunmen (main ingredients: cypromazine, etc.) according to the procedure to prevent mosquitoes and flies; dogs and cats are prohibited in pig farms. Once swine high fever occurs, it should be reported to the local government in time in accordance with the provisions of the Animal epidemic Prevention Law, and the epidemic should be extinguished decisively and quickly in accordance with the principle of "early, fast, strict and small".

Treatment.

First, the treatment of high fever caused by classical swine fever virus accompanied by blue ear virus, circovirus, pseudorabies virus, streptococcus, pasteurella, Haemophilus, eperythrozoon and toxoplasmosis: emergency immunity. Pig farms with or without immunization against classical swine fever vaccine should be urgently immunized with attenuated classical swine fever vaccine under the condition of strict disinfection and prevention. Mix the medicine in the material. Mix 200 grams of Lanyuan Reduqing and 2 kilograms of glucose in 100 kg feed and let the pigs feed freely for 3 days. Give an injection to a pig that doesn't eat. The pigs were injected intramuscularly with Shechongke (main ingredient: sulfamethoxy, etc.) at a dose of 0.2 ml / kg body weight for 2 to 3 days. Round blue pentapeptide was injected intramuscularly at 0.4 ml / kg body weight for the first time, and then 0.2 ml per kilogram of body weight. When the body temperature is high, it is injected intramuscularly twice a day, once a day after lowering for 5 days.

2. for diarrhea and high fever caused by paratyphoid fever in pigs with swine fever, except for double-dose emergency immunization with attenuated vaccine of classical swine fever, the pigs were injected intramuscularly with round blue pentapeptide (same as the previous dose) and gold florfenicol (main ingredient: florfenicol). Pigs were injected with 0.2 ml per kilogram of body weight, once a day for 3 consecutive days. At the same time, large groups of pigs were treated with Lanyuan Reduqing (same dose as before) and florfenicol 50 grams and 100 kilograms, allowing pigs to eat freely for 5 days.

3. Symptomatic treatment: if patients with hindlimb paralysis are treated with cefocline (main ingredient: lincomycin), 0.2ml / kg body weight of pigs and 0.2 ml / kg body weight of round blue pentapeptide are injected intramuscularly twice a day. Vitamin colloidal calcium (adult pig) 5 ml, intramuscular injection, once a day for 5 consecutive days. If there are respiratory symptoms, use long-acting mixorubicin (main ingredient: oxytetracycline, etc.) according to 0.2 ml per kg body weight of pigs and 0.4 ml per kg body weight of pigs, intramuscularly once a day for 2-3 days; if accompanied by neurological symptoms, in addition to intramuscular injection of shechongke and round blue pentapeptide, Qingkailing or an bromine injection should also be used. During the treatment, we should also pay attention to oral or intravenous fluid replacement, in order to improve the therapeutic effect.

At present, the cause of pig high fever is very clear. as long as we adhere to the principle of giving priority to prevention, institutionalize disinfection, program immunization, and correct drug prevention and treatment, implement the five early measures of "early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment, early isolation, and early extinction of the source", and implement the 24-word policy of "strengthening leadership, close cooperation, according to science, prevention and control according to law, group prevention and control, and decisive disposal", high fever is not difficult to control.