Skillful management of soybean according to seedling system

Liang Huizhen, an associate researcher at the Institute of Economic crops of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that at present, soybean in most parts of our province is in the flowering and pod stage, which absorbs the most nutrients and water, and is also the peak period of root nodule nitrogen fixation. The main goal of this period is to promote more flowering, pod formation, prevent premature senility, control overgrowth, increase flowers and protect pods, and reduce shedding, so as to lay the foundation for high yield.

Because the sowing time of summer soybean is tight, the base fertilizer is often not applied or less, the phenomenon of de-fertilizing will occur when the soybean pods are formed, so the flower and pod fertilizer should be applied in time. In the flowering and pod stage of soybean (the growth of poor growth was earlier and the growth of flourishing was delayed), urea was applied 5kg / mu. If the soil has strong fertility and the plant grows healthily, it should be applied less or not, so as not to cause overgrowth of the plant, lodging or shedding of flowers and pods. Combined with topdressing nitrogen fertilizer, foliar spraying phosphorus, potash fertilizer and boron, molybdenum and other micro-fertilizers can improve quality, promote maturity, and have a good effect of increasing yield, generally spraying about twice. Each time, 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 grams of ammonium molybdate and 100 grams of borax per mu (dissolved ammonium molybdate and borax with a small amount of warm water), diluted 50 kg of water and sprayed evenly.

In some places, the overgrowth of soybeans appeared after rain, which can be treated by artificial topping. Topping is in full bloom or final flowering stage, take off the center of the main stem 2 cm, limited pod habit varieties and barren land should not be topped.

Lu Weiguo, an associate researcher at the Institute of Economic crops of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told reporters that recently, the rainfall in the Huang-Huai region is relatively large, the temperature is rising, it has entered the hottest mid-volt, and the soybean has entered a period of rapid growth. At the same time, due to the great differences in rainfall and irrigation conditions and sowing dates in different places when sowing soybean in June this year, the following management measures should be taken according to different sowing dates and soybean growth:

The soybeans sown normally before June 20 are already in the flowering and pod stage and have entered a period of both vegetative growth and reproductive growth, so adequate water and fertilizer supply should be ensured. Spraying triiodobenzoic acid, paclobutrazol and other growth regulators at the early flowering stage can control the overgrowth of soybean after rain. If the vigorous growth is serious, it can be sprayed again in full bloom. In case of rainy weather, pay attention to drainage.

Most of the late sown soybeans sown after June 20 are in the branching stage, and the early maturing varieties are in the early flowering stage. Topdressing has a good effect on increasing yield at this time. The amount of topdressing should be determined according to soil fertility and soybean growth. High fertile and prosperous plots are not suitable for topdressing. Topdressing should pay attention to the coordination of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer. In the later stage of flowering and podding, it is not suitable for topdressing, but only foliar spraying, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Dizhongbao and so on. Soybeans with a trend of prosperity and growth should be hoed deeply, injuring part of the fine roots on the surface, promoting the root system to root down and preventing lodging.