Licorice planting and cultivation
1. Land selection and soil preparation: cultivated licorice should choose sandy loam with deep soil layer and low groundwater level, and ploughing about 30 cm. At present, flat farming is mostly carried out, and high beds are rarely made. For good drainage and irrigation, the land can also be turned into small beds and fertilized with base fertilizer. It is best to turn the soil in autumn, and the soil moisture must be preserved in spring, otherwise it will affect seedling emergence and seedling preservation.
2. The mode of reproduction: seed propagation is the main method in production, and rhizome propagation is also possible.
(1) seed propagation: soak the seeds in 60 ℃ warm water for several hours before sowing, grind the seeds with the same amount of glass residue and grind the seeds for half an hour, or soak the seeds with concentrated sulfuric acid (concentrated sulfuric acid: water is 1 / 1. 5) for about 1 hour. Spring sowing is from March to April and autumn sowing is from August to September. Strip sowing according to the row spacing of 50 cm to open a shallow trench, ditch depth of 3 cm, evenly spread the seeds into the ditch, and then cover the soil. The hole seeder opened the hole according to the hole distance of 10-15 cm, sowed 3-5 seeds per hole and used 2-3 kg of seeds per mu. Keep the soil moist after sowing, cover the seedbed with grass, water the soil when the soil is dry, and emerge two or three weeks after sowing.
(2) Rhizome propagation: in spring and autumn, the rhizome is dug out and cut into small segments of about 5 cm. There should be 1-2 buds in each section, buried in the ground, with a depth of about 20 cm according to soil moisture.
(3) ramet propagation: many new plants can germinate next to the old plants of licorice and can be dug up and planted in spring or autumn.
3. Field management
(1) Irrigation: it should depend on soil type and salinity: sandy non-saline-alkali or slightly saline-alkali soil, which can be irrigated after sowing; soil viscosity or saline-alkali is heavier, irrigation before sowing, sowing with soil moisture, and no irrigation after sowing, so as to avoid soil consolidation and salinity increase. The key to artificial cultivation of licorice is to protect seedlings. Generally, plants are not watered after they grow up.
(2) Intertillage weeding: weeding is generally carried out in the year when seedlings emerge, and licorice roots tiller from the second year, so it is difficult for weeds to compete with them. There is no need for intertillage to weed.
(3) fertilization: sufficient base fertilizer should be applied before sowing, and barnyard manure is better. The annual growth period can be topdressing phosphate fertilizer in early spring, licorice root nodules, nitrogen fixation, generally not lack of nitrogen.
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Key points of planting and cultivation techniques of licorice
An overview of licorice, alias sweet grass root, red licorice, powder grass. Licorice GlycyrrhizauralensisFisch., a leguminous plant, was used as medicine with root and rhizome. It has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification, moistening the lungs and relieving cough, reconciling various medicines, and grilled licorice has the effect of tonifying the spleen and tonifying qi. Plant characteristic perennial herbs with stout, cylindrical roots, sweet, brownish red rind. The stem is erect, the lower part is slightly lignified. Leaves alternate; parasite pinnately compound leaves, leaflets 7 Mel 17, ovate-elliptic, both surfaces covered with glands and short hairs. Racemose flower
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Key points of planting techniques of licorice
1. Seed treatment Glycyrrhiza uralensis seeds mature from July to August and should be harvested in time. The seed is hard, the skin is not easy to absorb water, direct seeding in the soil, the germination rate is only about 30%, before sowing with 60: 100 ℃ of water for 30 seconds heat treatment; then soaked in warm water for 1 day and night, the germination rate can reach 50%. If treated with concentrated sulfuric acid, when the seed coat blackens, rinse it in clean water immediately, then soak it in warm water, and sow the seed when it expands, the germination rate can reach more than 90%. two。 Planting method ① field direct seeding land preparation conditions are the same as field crops, can be sown in spring
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