Prevention and treatment of mycelium atrophy of mushroom

In mushroom cultivation, it is often encountered that the mycelium does not eat after germination, yellowing and shrinking, which seriously affects the development of mushroom production. The causes and prevention methods are introduced as follows:

First, burning bacteria at high temperature. The temperature in the culture material was higher than 30 ℃ because of the high air temperature during the sowing period, the thickness of the culture material and the unstable decrease of the material temperature after fermentation.

Prevention and control methods. The sowing time of mushroom should avoid the high temperature period, and the material temperature should be kept below 25 ℃ when sowing. After sowing, the hyphae were found to have shrunk due to high temperature, so the mushroom should be turned over and ventilated again, and the humidity of the culture material should be adjusted and sown again.

Second, there is ammonia in the material. Too much nitrogen fertilizer was added when the pile was built, or nitrogen fertilizer was added too late (it was added only when the pile was turned over later). After the bacteria were sown, there was ammonia in the culture material.

Prevention and control methods. When adding urea and other chemical fertilizers to the culture material, one is to add it when building the pile, and the other is to add an appropriate amount. Find that there is ammonia in the material, open the doors and windows in time, spray 2% formaldehyde solution to turn the material, wait until there is no smell of ammonia, and then sow again.

Third, the training material is too dry. When sowing, the culture material is dry, and if the climate is dry, the food grows slowly, weak and shrinking after Cao silk germinates.

Prevention and control methods. The material surface can be covered with a layer of wet straw (soaked with 0.5% lime water), which can make the hyphae germinate again. When sowing meets dry weather, close doors and windows 3 days after sowing. It is better to use layer sowing and cover sowing.

Fourth, too much moisture in the material. The culture material had too much water content, encountered high temperature after covering the soil, or sprayed heavy water at high temperature, but did not ventilate in time, so that the hyphae shrunk due to insufficient oxygen supply and decreased vitality.

Prevention and control methods. Pay attention to the control of moisture during stacking. If the moisture content of the material is found to be too high, it should be spread out and dried slightly before stacking. The moisture content of the fermented material should be 60%. In the later stage, the seedling filaments atrophied caused by spraying heavy water, and the hyphae could resume their growth after ventilation. The total thickness of the soil cover on the bed surface should not be less than 4.5cm.

Fifth, the quality of bacteria is poor. When the strain is heated on the way to buy the seed, the mycelium vitality is reduced; the strain is not used in time, the strain is aging, the growth potential becomes weak, and the adverse environment after sowing will lead to the seedling silk atrophy.

Prevention and control methods. Select suitable culture materials to cultivate bacteria, the bacteria should have strong mycelium and strong germination, avoid high temperature when buying seeds, and sow seeds without aging.

6. Insect pests. The main pests are mites, which can not be seen with the naked eye in the early stage, which mainly harms the hyphae and makes the hyphae break and atrophy, which can be brought into the pests in composting and covering soil, which will cause serious harm.

Prevention and control methods. The production of mites is related to culture materials, covering soil, bacteria and so on, so comprehensive control should be carried out. Make the post-fermentation of the culture material, cover the soil with insecticidal treatment, and fumigate the bacteria with dichlorvos one day before sowing. In addition, spraying mushroom powder into the material before sowing can play an effective role in prevention and control. If mites are found in cultivation, chemical control should be used as soon as possible.