Cultivation method of soybean with two ridges and one furrow
The cultivation method of two ridges and one furrow is on the basis of 70cm ridge cultivation, adding a row of seedling belts in every other ridge, 140cm with large row spacing, 35cm with small row spacing, sparse outside inside the furrow and platform, and hole sowing cultivation. Reasons for increasing production
The main results are as follows: (1) the green area is increased and the canopy structure is improved.
(2) the condition of ventilation and light delivery is improved.
(3) the ability of drought resistance has been improved.
(4) the heat resources are fully utilized and the ground temperature is increased.
(5) the supply of soil nutrients was improved. Technical key points
(1) rotation and soil preparation the cultivation method should be based on the ridge cropping system of corn-soybean-245crop (miscellaneous grain or cash crop), "three nursery" rotation and low tillage system, no continuous cropping, no stubble. After the wheat stubble or corn stubble is turned over in autumn, rake the ground in time, without large clods and dark bumps, and use seven shares to plow ridges to suppress and preserve soil moisture. For the original corn stubble with deep turning foundation, clean the stubble in early spring, pick out the remaining stalks, flatten the stubble pit and reach the sowing state.
(2) fertilization and sowing the cultivation method advocates the application of base fertilizer once every three years, and the application of organic fertilizer (organic matter content more than 8%), 1500~2000kg per hectare. Chemical fertilizer as seed fertilizer was deeply applied to seed 4~5cm, pure nitrogen 18~27kg per hectare, pentoxide 46 ~ 69kg, potassium oxide 37.5~45.0kg.
In this method, the special seeder 2BX 3 should be used for sowing, or 2BT 2 precision seeder (with corn plate and hole sowing) can be used to sow once in ridge and furrow and ridge and platform respectively.
(3) in field management, deep loosening of ridges and furrows and deep 20~25cm were carried out between rows (spacing 140cm) when soybean arch soil was arched. Between rows (spacing 35cm) only shovel the ground to loosen the soil, not deep loose. It is necessary to make one loose, two trips, three shovels and pull up the grass.
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Control of two main diseases of soybean
Soybean gray spot, also known as spot disease, pods began to occur from the tender pod stage, grain filling stage is the peak period of the disease, from July to August with high temperature and heavy rain. It mainly harms the leaves. When the disease is serious, almost all the leaves are covered with disease spots, causing the leaves to fall off prematurely, the soybean quality is reduced, and the yield is reduced by 20% to 30%. This year, the high-temperature and rainy climatic conditions in many places in our province are very conducive to the occurrence of the disease. The author reminds soybean farmers not to ignore the prevention and control of soybean gray spot. Chemical control: use more than 50% bacteria per mu during the flowering and pod stage of soybean.
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Matching techniques for high yield of improved varieties and methods of soybean
1. Sowing at the right time, select the varieties with high potential to increase production in this area, and sow at the right time. Use herbicides before sowing, and then use herbicides according to grass conditions after sowing. Sowing time, spring soybeans from the end of April to the beginning of May, sowing depth of 5 cm, sowing must pay great attention to soil moisture. The main conditions for soybean seed germination are water, temperature and oxygen. ① moisture: seed germination is first of all water absorption, so water is an important factor in germination. The amount of water absorbed by seeds during germination is equivalent to 1.21 of the seed weight.
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