"six methods" to improve the emergence rate of licorice

Licorice is a perennial herb of Leguminosae, which is used in medicine with dried roots and rhizomes. It has the effects of tonifying spleen and qi, expelling phlegm and relieving cough, clearing heat and detoxification, prioritizing and relieving pain, reconciling the properties of various medicines and detoxifying drugs. Licorice is not only a large amount of medicine, but also a non-calorie excellent sweet additive in food, but also an important excipient for cigarettes and other industries, so the consumption of licorice is increasing. Due to the increasing depletion of licorice natural resources, artificial cultivation must be carried out. Due to the dense structure of licorice seed coat, protein dehydration and denaturation, there are some problems, such as slow emergence, uneven emergence, low emergence rate and so on. In production, in order to improve the seedling emergence rate of licorice, it is necessary to collect seeds reasonably, that is, the plants of more than 3 years old are selected, and the flowers or fruits near the branch tip are removed during the flowering and fruiting stage, so that the seed maturity is relatively consistent, and large and full seeds can be obtained. The seed collection should be the best when the seed changes from green to brown in the pod, which has the advantages of low hard seed rate, simple seed treatment and high emergence rate. In addition, licorice seeds should be treated before sowing. There are six specific methods.

1 seed soaking in boiling water

Stir the selected fresh seeds in 100 ℃ water (times) to cool naturally, soak for 6 hours for 8 hours, then remove the seeds and rinse the mucus off the seed coat with clean water.

2 heating and re-soaking method

Soak the seeds in warm water for 6 hours for 8 hours. At this time, the seeds of 2thumb 3 absorb enough water and are divided into two layers with the unsoaked seeds (unsoaked hard seeds). The unsoaked seeds are under, and the soaked seeds are on top, but do not float on the surface. The soaked seeds can be poured out with the water and repeated several times until all the soaked seeds are poured out. Soak the unsoaked seeds in 100 ℃ boiling water for 2 seconds, remove them and immediately put them into cold water to stimulate the seed coat, then soak the seed coat in 60 ℃ warm water for 2 hours and 4 hours, combine with the bleached seeds to wash the mucus on the seed coat. The germination rate of seeds treated with this method can reach 91.3%, and the emergence rate can reach 90%.

(3) seed soaking by sand grinding

Put the seeds into 1 ℃ 3 fine sand, grind them in a basin for 3 minutes, until the seed surface loses luster and has sand marks, remove the fine sand, soak the seeds in 60 ℃ warm water for 6 hours, and wash the mucus on the seed coat.

4 Rice milling method

Spread the seeds on the grinding plate, thick 3cm, as you grind the seeds, pay close attention to the changes in the seed coat. When the seed coat is green and white, soak the seed in 40 ℃ warm water for 2 hours and wash the mucus off the seed coat. The germination rate of seeds treated by this method is 90%, and the emergence rate is 85%.

5 grinding method of electric rice milling machine

First, the seeds are screened and graded, and then the seeds are rubbed against each other at high speed by the high-speed rolling of the rice mill to cut the seed coat and grind to close to the cotyledons without damaging the cotyledons and the integrity of the seeds. The way to check whether the treatment is qualified is to grab a little bit of the crushed seeds on a plate and soak them in a small amount of water for 2 hours or 4 hours. if most of the seeds are swollen, it means that the treatment is qualified and the unqualified can be re-grinded. If the seed coat is broken after grinding, it means it has been overground and cannot germinate. This method saves labor, time and effect, and the germination rate can reach 97%, which is suitable for the treatment of a large number of seeds.

6 concentrated sulfuric acid soaking method

The seed coat was thinned by the corrosion of concentrated sulfuric acid. Specific method: add 98% sulfuric acid 30~34mL to each 1kg seed, mix evenly, and stir constantly, so that the seed is in full contact with concentrated sulfuric acid. After an appropriate time, rinse quickly with clean water and dry. Generally, it takes about 70 minutes to corrode, and it is necessary to prolong the treatment time for some seeds with thick seed coat. It is generally advisable to have black round corrosion spots on most seeds. The germination rate of treated seeds can reach about 90%.