Controlled atmosphere fresh-keeping Technology of Mushroom

I. harvesting

Harvested when the fruiting body fully grows into a significant increase in volume. If the mushroom is harvested too early, the quality of the mushroom is poor, and the yield is reduced; if the harvest is too late, the fruiting body is more prone to aging, umbrella opening and discoloration. Mechanical damage should be reduced during harvest, and harvesting appliances and packaging containers should be cleaned and disinfected.

2. Pre-storage treatment

After the mushroom is harvested, cut off the mushroom stalk, if the mushroom color turns yellow or brown, rinse in 0.5% citric acid solution for 10 minutes, remove and drain the water droplets, and precool the mushrooms quickly. Pre-cooling is very important. Because at higher temperatures, it will accelerate nutrient consumption, aging and browning.

III. Low temperature controlled atmosphere storage

Put the pre-cooled mushrooms into a storage bag made of 0.025 cm thick polyethylene plastic film, each containing 1 kilogram of fresh mushrooms. After the mouth of the bag is sealed, the mushrooms are stored in a cold storage. the temperature of the mushroom body is reduced to 0: 3 ℃ within 4-5 hours, and the relative humidity is kept at 95% 100%. The mushroom has a good storage effect when the concentration of oxygen is 1% and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 10% ~ 15%, and the color of the mushroom is white and the umbrella is rarely opened. When the mushroom first entered the warehouse, the temperature was more than 10 ℃ and the breath was exuberant. Therefore, the oxygen concentration in the storage bag can be reduced to less than 3% and the carbon dioxide concentration can be increased to more than 10% within 4-5 hours. When the temperature drops to 0: 3 ℃, which is suitable for mushroom storage, respiration weakens. After 1 day, the oxygen concentration in the bag reaches 1%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 13%. At this time, a small hole is pierced in the bag with a fine needle, which can basically maintain the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide concentration. In the future management, humidification measures should be taken to ensure that the relative humidity in the bag is above 95%.