"Green" Control of Mushroom pests
Nowadays, green food has become the mainstream of food, but in actual production, especially in autumn, mushroom farmers use a large number of chemical drugs to control insect pests, which makes a large number of residual drugs in mushroom products, which not only lays a hidden danger to the health of consumers, but also blocks the path for mushroom products to enter the market, especially the international market.
So, how to carry out "green" pest control? There are two measures:
The first is to strengthen physical prevention. Measures include: the construction of mushroom sheds should be far away from stable toilets, garbage, dung piles and other places, so that the environment is insect-free or insect-free; raw and auxiliary materials are exposed to strong sunlight to avoid carrying eggs or live insects; packaging insect-proof nets at vents and entrances and exits of mushroom sheds, and spreading lime barriers at vents and entrances and exits to prevent reptiles from entering.
The second is to choose drugs reasonably. Within a certain distance outside the shed, highly effective insecticidal drugs such as trichlorfon and dichlorvos can be used to kill insects in order to cut off the route of pests. Outside the shed, ventilation, import and export, use high-efficiency and low-residue drugs to spray to prevent reptiles from entering. The green biological drug, high-efficiency paracetamol, was used in the shed. The action mechanism of the drug is to use the drug smell that the adults of mushrooms, mosquitoes and flies do not like to repel them, so that the adults do not dare to lay eggs near the material and do not dare to enter the shed, so they can not form harm. Usage: generally in autumn, 2 Mel should be sprayed once every 3 days, with a concentration of 200 times. In areas with poor environment and high population density, the concentration can be increased to about 100 times, or the interval between drugs can be reduced to 1 Mel for 2 days.
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Control of physiological diseases of mushroom
Hard opening: when mushrooms encounter abnormal climate, the phenomenon of young fruit bodies opening umbrellas early is called hard opening, which usually occurs when the temperature difference is about 10 ℃ or drops suddenly, above 18 ℃. The heat preservation work can be done before the sudden change of temperature, and the air relative humidity in the mushroom room can be increased. Deformed mushroom: the reason for the formation is that the thickness of the covered soil is different, the mushroom position is low, and the carbon dioxide content in the mushroom room is more than 0.3%; or caused by drug pests, diseases and insect pests. Attention should be paid to the quality of soil cover and ventilation to prevent harmful gases from entering the mushroom room.
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Prevention and control of "three insects and one disease" of mushroom
The "three insects and one disease" of mushrooms are mites, jumpers, mushroom mosquitoes and harmful verrucosporium. The characteristics and control methods of these diseases and insect pests are described as follows. 1. In the process of the occurrence of symptoms caused by mites, if the hyphae are found to have the phenomenon of returning bacteria, such as the decrease of villous hyphae, the increase of simple hyphae, and the pink bright spots on the surface of the hyphae, the mite head appears in the mushroom bed. When there are 3 to 5 mites in the range seen with a magnifying glass, the control target is reached. After covering the soil, the mites will move with the soil surface as the hyphae grow to the soil surface.
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