Golden Pear
I. Source of varieties
Beijing Forestry Bureau introduced it from Korea in 1999 and planted it in Beijing Huangqi nursery. Parent combination: new high × 20th century. It was approved by Beijing in 2002.
2. Characteristic characteristics
This variety was selected from Korea and belongs to sand pear system.
The tree is strong and semi-open, which is easy to form short fruit branches and axillary flower buds, with 7-9 flowers per inflorescence. The leaf is wide oval, the leaf margin is serrated, the leaf is dark green, and the vein is clear. Annual branches are reddish brown, lenticels are large and dense, branches are stout, and the thickness of annual branches can reach 1-2 cm. The fruit spots are small and dense.
The fruit is round, the average single fruit weight is 400-450 grams, and the maximum single fruit weight is 600 grams; the soluble solids content is 16-17%, the peel background color is yellow-green, and it turns golden after bagging; the pericarp is thin, the pulp is milky white, without stone cells, there are many fruit juices, and the edible rate is 96%. Fruit flavor. The flowering period of Huangqi nursery was in mid-April, and the fruit ripening period was in early September, about 15 days earlier than that in South Korea.
High yield, stable yield, strong resistance to scab and black spot, excellent fruit quality. There is no pollen, so pollination trees should be arranged during cultivation, and it is suitable for garden yellow and autumn yellow. Can not be used as other varieties of pollination trees, if too much fruit is easy to cause premature senescence, fruit thinning should be strengthened, irrigation and drainage should be done during cultivation.
The young trees blossom in the second year and bear fruit in the third year. The average yield per mu in Beijing is controlled at 2000-2500 kg and the fruit should be refrigerated and preserved.
III. Key points of cultivation techniques
The main results are as follows: 1. the plant growth potential is strong, pay attention to reasonable close planting, 45 plants per mu.
2. Autumn yellow and garden yellow pear are suitable for suitable pollination trees.
3. In the first year of planting, apply sufficient base fertilizer to ensure adequate supply of fertilizer and water in the first two years, and promote the formation of tree crown as soon as possible. After the result, the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened, especially the application rate of organic fertilizer is 5-10 square meters per mu.
4. Pull branches in time to improve ventilation and light transmission conditions.
5. The high grafted tree can pull branches and strengthen the tree in time in the first year, and the flower bud can be formed in the second year.
6. Remove the sepals about a week after flowering, cover the small bag in time, and put on the large bag 60 days after flowering.
7. Nitrogen fertilizer should be added in time after fruit harvest, and foliar spraying and root application should be combined.
8. Fruit bagging management must be implemented. After bagging, observe and pay attention to the control of bag pests such as Tenebrio Molitor and Pear planthopper.
IV. Areas suitable for planting
It is suitable for planting in Beijing area.
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Selection and planting techniques of Pear seedlings
The selection of pear seedlings: the plant height is more than one meter, the stem is thicker than 0.8cm, the bud is full, the root system is developed, there is no disease and insect, and the cortex is not wrinkled. Pear seedlings with wrinkled stem bark are mainly caused by early seedling and poor moisturizing, which is disadvantageous to rooting after planting. With regard to the planting technology of pear seedlings, in order to improve the survival rate of pear seedlings, the following points should be done at the timing of pear seedlings: 1. When planting pear seedlings, it is necessary to plant pollination trees, and the ratio of pollination trees to main tree varieties is 1: 4, 6, in order to interrow.
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High quality and late ripening pear-Jinshui No. 1
Jinshui No. 1 is a new variety bred by the Institute of Fruit Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Its parent is Changshilang X Jiangdao. It won Hubei Province and National Science Conference Award in 1978, and was awarded as a high quality fruit in Hubei Province in 1999, and was designated as a key popularized variety. It has been extended to Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Fujian, Chongqing and other provinces and cities, showing high yield, high quality and strong disease resistance in the south, and its development and application prospect is good. 1. Fruit economic characters: the fruit is round, the average weight of a single fruit is 290g, the most
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