Breeding Management of Carnation in the United States

Propagation methods Sowing and cuttage propagation.

1. Sowing and reproduction in spring and autumn can be. Sowing in the open field from September to October in autumn. The optimum temperature for germination is 1-0~20℃. American pink seedlings need one and a half months of low temperature vernalization to differentiate flower buds, so spring sowing does not flower in the same year, only long leaves, need to flower in early summer of the following year. Before frosting, the seedlings should grow 2~ 3 cm long.

Sow seeds in the field, sowing 200 seeds per square meter. If it is for the production of seedlings, after the seedlings are moved elsewhere, they can be doubled, that is, 400 seeds per square meter; if they are sown in the greenhouse, they can be increased to 600 seeds per square meter. 108-hole tray was the best way to raise seedlings.

Field sowing. Garden soil can be, not too sticky soil can be. For plug seedling, peat soil, sand and vermiculite can be mixed into compound substrate in the ratio of 1:1:1.

2. Cuttage propagation Cuttage propagation is used to propagate a variety, as long as the conditions are appropriate, the entire growing season can be cut, but that year can not bloom. Autumn and winter cuttings are most appropriate. Cuttings are most likely to survive when the temperature is between 5℃ and 15℃. Vermiculite can be selected as cutting substrate in protected field, and roots can be taken at 10~15℃ for more than 20 days. Autumn open field cuttage, can be used as common garden soil cuttage substrate. The suitable ground temperature for rooting is 5~15℃. After cutting, the substrate will be solid to prevent the wind from shaking the cuttings. Water once permeable, the next spring can grow and bloom normally. Cutting density varies from 100 to 500 plants per square meter, depending on the use. The seedlings can be transplanted in 3 months after emergence, and the seedlings can be transplanted in 2 months after emergence. Cuttings can be transplanted 40 days after cuttage.

American Dianthus prefers slightly alkaline soils with pH values of 7.5-8.7. American Dianthus is cold-resistant and drought-tolerant, afraid of heat and waterlogging, likes sufficient sunshine, summer is suitable for semi-shade, likes dry and ventilated land, and has no excessive requirements for soil, but it is better to have fertile, loose and well-drained calcareous loam. In the north, it can be planted in courtyards and fields. American pink has low requirements for fertilizer and water, and only needs to apply farm manure or compound fertilizer once before sowing to meet the needs of its entire growth cycle. Excessive dry when the right amount of irrigation, in most areas rely on natural rainfall can grow normally flowering, as long as the water, fertilizer can not be excessive, less no problem.

When planting, the plant spacing is 35cm×45cm. After planting, topdressing is applied once every 3 weeks, and 3-4 times of topping is carried out to make it more branched. Cut off residual flowers in time after flowering, apply fertilizer once a half month, and bloom again after September. Due to the inconsistent maturity of capsules, attention should be paid to batch harvest. In breeding, the varieties of mother plant should be isolated to prevent varieties from mixing.

Post-anthesis management Scapes are cut off in time to maintain the ground cover effect of American Dianthus. Over-dense places can be thinned off some branches and leaves or pruned seedlings to ventilate and transmit light. Regeneration cuttings can generally flower for 1 ~2 years, while seeding seedlings can bloom continuously for 3~5 years. Generally, old plants are regenerated when the base loses the ability to sprout new branches. Plough old plants, re-cutting or sowing. It is feasible to renew large-area greening by sowing.

Pest control During the rainy summer season, American carnations sometimes suffer from blight. This disease is mainly prevented. Keep the terrain flat and dry, and do not accumulate water after rain. Even if individual plants have blight, it will not affect the effect of the population, and there is no need to treat diseases specifically. High temperature season will also occur leaf pests, drilling holes in the leaves, this also does not matter, do not have to specifically control insects, will not cause major damage.