Two new potato varieties examined by the State

Zhongshu 7

Approval number: national examination and approval potato 2006001

Breeding unit: Institute of vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Variety source: Zhongshu 2 × Ji Zhangshu 4 was selected by sexual hybridization system.

Characteristics: early-maturing varieties, the growth period is 64 days after emergence. The plant type cow is erect, the growth potential is strong, the plant height is 50 cm, the leaf is dark green, the stem is purple, the Corolla is purple, the tuber is round, the yellowish skin is smooth, the bud eye is shallow, the stolon is short, the tuber is concentrated, and the commercial potato rate is 61.7%. Inoculation identification: medium resistance to light mosaic virus, high resistance to severe mosaic virus, mild to moderate susceptibility to late blight. Tuber quality: fresh potato vitamin C content 32.8 mg / 100 g, starch content 13.2%, dry matter content 18.8%, reducing sugar content 0.20%, crude protein content 2.02%.

Yield performance: in the national potato variety regional trial from 2004 to 2005, the tuber yield per mu of the early maturing Zhongyuan second cropping group was 1653 kg and 1528 kg respectively, which decreased by 8.2% and increased by 26.1% compared with the control Dongnong 303, with an average yield of 1591 kg per mu in two years. 5.5% higher than the control Dongnong 303 The tuber yield per mu of the southern winter cropping group was 1702 kg and 1437 kg respectively, which was 16.5% and 65.2% higher than that of the control Dongnong 303, with a two-year average yield of 1570 kg per mu and 34.6% higher than that of the control Dongnong 303. In the production experiment of precocious Zhongyuan Erzuo group in 2005, the yield of tuber was 1902 kg per mu, which was 7.3% higher than that of Dongnong 303.

Key points of cultivation techniques: sowing in the second cropping area of ① Central Plains from early January to mid-March in spring, harvesting from May to late June, sowing in the first ten days of August to early September in autumn, soaking in 5-8 mg / L gibberellin aqueous solution for 5-10 minutes before sowing, sowing with moist sand for 10 minutes, harvesting from late October to early December, and early sowing with plastic film mulching in spring. Sowing seeds in the southern winter cropping area from October to December, ② was sparsely planted, the row spacing of flat sowing was 6070cm, the plant spacing was 2530cm, and the density was 4000mm / mu. In order to improve the propagation coefficient, the density per mu could be increased to 6000000 plants per mu, and ③ chose the land with loose soil and convenient irrigation and drainage to sow seeds, avoided continuous cropping and prohibited rotation with other Solanaceae crops. The remaining fields should be isolated from commercial potato production fields and other disease crops. Applying sufficient basal fertilizer, strengthening early management after emergence, cultivating soil and ploughing in time, irrigating early plants and tuber expansion period, stopping irrigation one week before harvest to facilitate harvest and storage; ④ is suitable for intercropping with cotton, corn and other crops. The remaining seeds in the second cropping area should be harvested early in spring and sown late in autumn, and pay attention to timely spraying to control aphids and pull out diseased plants.

Suitable area: this variety is an early-maturing fresh food variety, moderately resistant to light mosaic virus, highly resistant to severe mosaic virus, mild to moderately susceptible to late blight. Zhongshu 8

Approval number: national examination and approval potato 2006002

Breeding unit: Institute of vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Source: W953 × FL475 was selected by sexual hybridization system.

Characteristics: early-maturing varieties, the growth period is 63 days after emergence. The plant is erect, the growth potential is strong, the plant height is 52 cm, the branch is few, the branches and leaves are luxuriant, the stem and leaf are green, the compound leaf is large, the leaf margin is wavy, the Corolla is white, the tuber is oblong, the yellowish skin is light, the stolon is short, the tuber is concentrated, the tuber is large and neat, and the commercial potato rate is 77.7%. Inoculation identification: high resistance to light mosaic virus, heavy mosaic virus, mild to moderate late blight. Tuber quality: fresh potato vitamin C content 19.0 mg / 100 g, starch content 12.2%, dry matter content 18.3%, reducing sugar content 0.41%, crude protein content 2.02%; steaming quality is excellent.

Yield performance: participated in the national potato variety regional trial from 2004 to 2005, the tuber yield per mu of the early maturing Zhongyuan second cropping group was 1945 kg and 1610 kg respectively, which was 10.9% and 32.9% higher than that of the control Dongnong 303, with an average yield of 1778 kg per mu in two years. 17.9% higher than that of the control Dongnong 303 In the production experiment of precocious Zhongyuan Erzuo group in 2005, the yield of tuber was 1991 kg per mu, which was 12.3% higher than that of Dongnong 303.

Key points of cultivation techniques: sowing in the second cropping area of ① Central Plains from early January to mid-March in spring, harvesting from May to late June, sowing in the first ten days of August to early September in autumn, soaking in 5-8 mg / L gibberellin aqueous solution for 5-10 minutes before sowing, sowing with moist sand for 10 minutes, harvesting from late October to early December, and early sowing with plastic film mulching in spring. In the southern winter cropping area, the seeds were sown from October to December and harvested from February to April. The row spacing of parallel sowing of ② is 60-70 cm, the plant spacing is 20-25 cm, and the density is 4500-5000 plants per mu. In order to improve the reproduction coefficient, the number of plants per mu can be increased to 6000,6500 plants. ③ chooses the land with loose soil and convenient irrigation and drainage to sow seeds, avoids continuous cropping and forbids rotation with other Solanaceae crops. The remaining fields should be isolated from commercial potato production fields and other disease crops. Apply sufficient base fertilizer, strengthen the early management after emergence, and apply early and less topdressing. Timely weeding, middle ploughing and high soil cultivation should promote early growing and early fruiting, and timely irrigation during tuber setting and tuber expansion period, but it is necessary to prevent overgrowth due to excessive fertilization and watering. Stop irrigation one week before harvest to facilitate harvest and storage. ④ can be intercropped with cotton, corn and other crops. The remaining seeds in the second cropping area should be harvested early in spring and sown late in autumn, and pay attention to timely spraying to control aphids and pull out diseased plants.

Suitable area: this variety is an early-maturing fresh food variety with high resistance to light mosaic virus, heavy mosaic virus and mild to moderate susceptibility to late blight. It is suitable to be planted in spring and autumn in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Shandong and Henan Central Plains, and precocious in winter in the southern winter cropping areas of Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi.