Cultivation techniques of Green Potato

Green pollution-free high quality potato cultivation technology is a cultivation technology based on traditional potato cultivation technology, through applying more organic fertilizer, less chemical fertilizer, selecting varieties with strong disease resistance and excellent quality, and using physical means to kill insects and sterilization. The specific points are as follows:

1. Deep turning and drying soil in time to kill insects and sterilization. After summer grain crops such as pea and@#@245@#@are harvested, the soil should be deeply turned and sun-dried in time. By using the characteristics of strong sunshine intensity in 3 days, underground pests such as grubs in the soil should be sun-dried, and low-temperature resistant bacteria in the soil should be killed, so as to provide a safer soil environment for potato growth in the next year.

2. Increase the application of organic fertilizer, improve fertilizer utilization rate. The application of ammonium bicarbonate and other chemical fertilizers in large quantities is the main factor that causes potato rot, affects potato quality and commodity rate, and easily causes soil hardening. More organic fertilizer can not only improve soil, but also improve potato quality. Plant ash 6000 kg per mu, decomposed human and animal urine 5000 kg. When organic fertilizer is stored, plant ash and human and animal urine are stored separately to avoid nutrient loss due to mixing. Combined with organic fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer 10 kg per mu, urea 5 kg. Fertilization is combined with sowing. Organic fertilizer is applied to seed potato rows and chemical fertilizer is applied to empty rows.

3. Select high quality seed potatoes. Good varieties are not only the prerequisite to ensure stable and high yield of potato, but also the main factor to ensure potato quality and improve disease and insect resistance. Qingshu 2, Ningshu 8, Alpha, Longshu 3 and other varieties are generally selected for starch processing type potatoes, and Qingshu 168 and Ningshu 4, which are resistant to storage, are generally selected for late maturity export type potatoes.

4. Advocate small whole potato sowing, cutting knife strict disinfection. Small whole tubers have the characteristics of strong vitality, drought resistance, easy germination, strong seedlings, avoiding cross infection of pathogens, etc., so it should be recommended to use small whole tubers as seed tubers in production. In fact, the number of small and medium-sized whole potatoes is small, which cannot meet the seed consumption. When cutting potatoes, prepare more knives, and disinfect the knives with boiling water or potassium permanganate or alcohol. When the knives cut into sick potatoes, they should be disinfected again immediately to avoid infection through the knives.

5. Rational selection of planting patterns, scientific determination of planting density. Choosing suitable planting methods and determining suitable density are not only beneficial to field management, ventilation and light transmission, reducing pathogen infection, but also stable and high yield. Through many years of field experiments, the "double row leaning" model has simple field management and significant yield increase. The suitable planting density is 3800 ~4500 plants.

6. Artificial weeding in the field, intertillage and soil cultivation. After the potato seedlings are neat, artificial cultivation and weeding are carried out to improve the ground temperature, avoid the competition between grain and weeds for water and fertilizer, and improve the drought resistance and cold resistance. Cultivate the potato before budding, and apply decomposed human excrement organic fertilizer 3000 kg and urea 5 kg in combination with the cultivated soil.

7. Control potato pests. Potato diseases and insect pests are mainly diseases. There are mainly ring rot, late blight, black shank disease, virus disease and so on. Ring rot is mainly transmitted through infected seed potatoes, and knife disinfection is one of the ways to eliminate infection. Comprehensive measures were taken to control the disease by using disease-resistant varieties, uprooting diseased plants in the field and selecting low-toxicity pesticides. Moreover, the diseased plants were removed at seedling stage and adult stage, and concentrated treatment was carried out. The control of late blight is to select disease-resistant varieties, such as Ningshu 4, Qingshu 168, etc.; secondly, to select disease-free seed potatoes; thirdly, to select and 64% disinfectant alum 400 times solution, spray 50 kg per mu, once a week, continuously spray 3 times. The control of black shank disease includes selecting disease-resistant varieties, sowing small whole potatoes and cutting knives for disinfection, dressing seeds with plant ash, sowing early, digging out diseased plants, promoting virus-free varieties such as virus-free Alpha and Center 24, and preventing aphids by spraying 40% omethoate 1000 - 2000 times solution. At the early stage of virus disease, 1.5% Kubingling EC 1000 times and 20% virus A WP 500 times were sprayed to control the disease.

8. Advocate plant ash seed dressing. Seed potato cut with plant ash seed dressing, with potassium, drought resistance, cold resistance, disease and insect pests of the role.