Huayougui 99 (Rice)

[basic situation] the popularization of hybrid rice has played an important role in increasing grain production in China. With the development of national economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for grain quality is getting higher and higher. cultivating early indica hybrid rice combinations with high quality, high yield and disease resistance is an important problem to be solved in rice breeding. The Department of Agronomy of South China Agricultural University, in cooperation with Tengxian seed Company and Raoping County seed Company, made use of the combination of high quality male sterile line Y Huanong A with high blast resistance and restorer line Gui 99. Huayougui 99, a new South China early-sleeved hybrid rice combination with high quality, high yield and blast resistance was bred.

[characteristics] the appearance of early season rice of Huayougui 99 was identified as grade 2 in Guangdong regional test. The physical and chemical properties of early and late season rice of Huayougui 99 were analyzed by the Rice and products quality Supervision, Inspection and Test Center of the Ministry of Agriculture. The results showed that the rate of early milled rice was 73.1%, the degree of chalkiness was 3.4%, the alkali elimination value was 5.1%, the amylose content was 20.1%, and the protein content was 9.9%. These five indicators meet the first-class standard of high-quality rice issued by the Ministry. Brown rice rate 80.6%, head rice rate 58.6%, grain length 5.8mm, length-width ratio 2.9, transparency level 2, gel consistency 51mm, these six indicators reached the second-class standard of high-quality rice issued by the Ministry, with a total score of 57. In the late season, the average milled rice rate of three samples from different areas was 74.5%, head rice rate 68.6%, chalkiness 1.3%, alkali elimination value 6.5, amylose content 21.1%, protein content 10.0%. These six indicators reached the first-class standard of high-quality rice issued by the Ministry; brown rice rate 80.3%, grain length 6.1mm, length-width ratio 2.8,transparency grade 2, gel consistency 40.3mm, these five indicators reached the second-class standard of high-quality rice issued by the Ministry. Only the chalky grain percentage (19% in the early season and 11.7% in the late season) failed to meet the standard. In addition, according to the people of the planting area, Huayougui 99 is a new combination with good rice quality in early indica hybrid rice because of its strong food flavor, slightly fragrant rice, soft and smooth rice, moderate hard and soft rice, soft but not sticky dried rice and thick but not paste porridge.

Huayougui 99 participated in the regional trial of late ripening group in Guangdong Province in 1999 and early 2000. The average yield per unit area of 14 pilot sites was 7.02t/hm2, which was 0.9% lower than that of Shanyou 63, a control combination. The yield of Huayougui 99 was 2.7% and 2.6% higher than that of Shanyou 63 and Peiza Shuangqi, respectively. The average unit yield of 2a4 in Raoping County Agricultural Science Institute was 2.2% higher than that of Peiza Shuangqi, and the average yield of 7.00~8.47t/hm2 in Qingyuan, Yangchun, Xinyi and other cities in 2000 was 1.3% and 12.4% higher than that of Peiza Shuangqi. In the early season of 1999, Huayou Gui 99 participated in the new variety screening test in Guangxi Autonomous region. The average unit yield of 7.27t/hm2 at three sites was 3.9% lower than that of Shanyou Gui 99. Compared with the original varieties in Guangxi, the average yield per unit area 8.24t/hm2 and bit you 63 increased by 3.7%. In the early season regional test of Yulin City in 2000, Huayougui 99 had an average unit yield of 8.14t/hm2 in six pilot projects, and Bityou 63 increased by 8.7%.

Huayougui 99 has been planted about 1700hm2 in various parts of Guangdong. Among them, the yield of 167hm2 in Raoping County is generally 7.50t/hm2, and the high yield cultivation exceeds 9.00t/hm2. The average yield of 7.71~8.07t/hm2 in early season is 5.2%-7.9% higher than that of Peiza Shuangqi in early season, and that of 6.92~7.91t/hm2 in late season is 4.6% and 6.5% higher than that of Peiza Shuangqi, and 1.4% lower than that of II you 3550. Jieyang City 1020hm2, per unit yield 6.75~8.25t/hm2. A total of 3133hm2 was planted in Huayougui 99 in Guangxi Autonomous region. Among them, 2167hm2 in Tengxian yielded 7.75~10.45t/hm2 per unit area in early season and 7.33-9.19 t / hm ~ 2 in late season, while 967hm2 was planted in various counties of eastern Guangxi to yield 7.38~8.75t/hm2 per unit area, which was about 0.60t/hm2 higher than that of Shanyou Gui 99. By the year 2000, Huayougui 99 had been planted in Guangdong and Guangxi about 5700hm2, and the per unit yield was equal to that of the high-yield combination popularized at present, and the yield was higher than that of the high-quality combination. The masses believe that Huayougui 99 is a new combination of "high quality, high yield and good resistance", and some cities and counties have been listed as the development and utilization of high-quality rice.

The disease resistance of the combinations participating in the regional test was uniformly identified by Guangdong crop Disease and insect forecasting Station. Huayougui 99 was highly resistant to rice blast and had a resistance ratio of 100% to the whole population under the condition of lack of group An inoculation. field monitoring (including the middle A group as the dominant population of Yangjiang point) basically no disease; moderately susceptible bacterial blight, the total resistance score of 5.

[breeder] Department of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University and Tengxian seed Company, Raoping County seed Company

[region and technology] Huayougui 99 was planted in Liangguang and Guangdong. The whole growth period was 123-131 days in the early season, 2-5 days earlier than Shanyou 63 and Teyou 63, and 115 days in the late season, which was similar to that of Peiza Shuangqi and Shanyou 46. It can be introduced and popularized in the areas and seasons where Shanyou 63 and Shanyou 46 are suitable for planting.

Huayou hang 99 has no purple leaf sheath, leaf margin, stem node, culm tip and stigma; vigorous growth, strong tillering ability, concentrated plant type, medium leaves, beautiful leaf color, neat panicle, green branches and wax stalks at maturity; plant height 100~105cm, effective panicle 2.7 million ~ 3 million / hm2, panicle length 23cm, 130 grains per panicle, seed setting rate 80%, 90%, 1000-grain weight about 23 g.

The gap between the growth period of Y Huanong An and the restorer line is small, and it is easy to adjust the sowing date of parents during seed production to achieve the purpose of meeting at flowering stage; the flowering habit is good and the seed production yield is high. In the late season of 1999, Tengxian seed Company prepared Huayougui 99 area 8.2hm2 in large area for the first time, and the average yield was 3.02t/hm2.

Sow and plant early at the right time. Huayougui 99 can refer to the sowing and planting date of Shanyou 63, Teyou 63 and Peiza Shuangqi in the early, middle and late season, and the planting in the late season should be controlled at the safe full heading stage, so as not to affect the ear evenness, seed setting rate and plumpness. Reasonable close planting, double seedling planting, increase the number of ears. Apply sufficient basic fertilizer, early tiller fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, control nitrogen in the middle stage, and apply strong tail fertilizer in the later stage to strive for more spikes and large ears. The heavy application of nitrogen fertilizer in the middle stage was prevented from delaying the growth period, resulting in shade in the field and affecting the fruiting. Shallow water back to green, thin water tiller, enough seedlings to dry the field, shallow water heading, dry and wet maturity. Do not cut off water prematurely to improve seed setting rate and plumpness. Pay attention to the forecast of diseases and insect pests to prevent the occurrence of insect pests and ensure a bumper harvest.

Seed production of Huayougui 99 is easy, and its technical measures are similar to those of general combinations. We should mainly pay attention to adjusting the poor planting period of parents to ensure that they meet at flowering stage. Under normal weather conditions, the difference of sowing time between Y Huanong An and Gui 99 was about 4 leaves in early season and 3-5 days in late season.