Fertilizer application of mechanically inserted rice

The total amount of fertilization of mechanically planted rice is about the same as that of artificial hand-planted rice. But how to apply it in different periods, machine-planted rice is different from hand-planted rice. The main reason is that the tiller node position of mechanically inserted rice is low and the tillering stage is long. in order to control the panicle number of the population within a suitable range, the key point of fertilizer operation should be to improve the application period of tillering fertilizer in order to adjust and utilize the most suitable tiller node position and control the mid-stage population. and increase the application of panicle fertilizer, promote spikelet differentiation and strive for large panicles.

The characteristics of machine-planted rice and hand-planted rice determine that there is a significant difference in the proportion of base fertilizer and tiller fertilizer in machine-implanted rice. Generally speaking, the proportion of hand-planted rice base fertilizer in base tiller fertilizer is about 70%, and tiller fertilizer accounts for 30%, while the proportion of mechanically inserted rice base fertilizer in base tiller fertilizer should be 30%-40%, and tiller fertilizer accounts for 60%-70%. Because the slow seedling period of mechanically implanted rice is long, the root injury of mechanical transplanting is serious, the occurrence of new roots is slow, and the seedlings with too much base fertilizer can not be used, which will lead to fertilizer damage to rigid seedlings, as well as frequent irrigation and drainage after transplanting, resulting in serious fertilizer loss and reduced fertilizer use efficiency. According to the experimental results, the first returning green tiller fertilizer was applied 7 days after planting, and the seedling herbicide was used to remove it. The method was to mix the wet fine soil with urea and rice seedling herbicide. After 3 hours of heap stew, sprinkle 5 cm of water in the field in the evening. After application, the water layer in the field should be kept for 5-7 days, and the water shortage should be opened at the same time, so as to prevent Rain Water from drowning the seedling heart, causing drug stiffness and even drug damage, so as to improve the chemical removal effect. Herbicides can no longer be used in fields that have been treated with herbicides before planting to prevent drug damage caused by continuous use. The tiller fertilizer should be applied again 12-14 days after planting, and the tiller fertilizer can be applied again about 18 days after planting, and it is suitable to lose energy in time after the effective tiller leaf age. Do not apply tiller fertilizer too much or too late, which will cause the population to be too large and affect the panicle rate and the formation of large ears.

Panicle fertilizer not only helps to consolidate the number of panicles, but also helps to capture large panicles, but it is necessary to prevent excessive growth of leaf area in order to form a well-configured canopy structure, expand the library, form more total spikelets, and strengthen "source" and "smooth flow". The formation of higher grain-leaf ratio is beneficial to improve seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight. Panicle fertilizer is generally divided into flower-promoting fertilizer and flower-protecting fertilizer.

The main purpose of promoting flower fertilizer is to promote the differentiation of panicle branches and spikelets and increase the number of spikelets per panicle. Generally, fertilizer is applied at the beginning of panicle differentiation, that is, about 13.5 leaves at leaf age, and the specific application time and amount should be determined according to the seedling condition; if the leaf color fades normally, urea can be applied to 8kg / mu, and if the leaf color is darker, the amount of fertilizer can be delayed and reduced; if the leaf color is lighter, flower promoting fertilizer can be applied 3-5 days in advance, and the application rate can be increased appropriately; if the leaf color is darker, it can not be applied.

Flower-protecting fertilizer is generally applied 18-20 days before heading, that is, the remainder of leaf age is 1.5-1.2. The specific application period should be determined by peeling the remainder of leaf age of more than 10 single stems. When the remaining age of 50% of effective stems and tillers does not exceed 1.2, it is the appropriate time to apply flower-protecting fertilizer. The application rate of 7.5 kg urea per mu can be applied more for those with light leaf color and small population growth, but should not exceed 10 kg / mu; on the contrary, little or no application should be applied.