Direct seeding afforestation technique of mountain apricot

The direct seeding afforestation of mountain apricot has the advantages of low investment, fast forest formation, low cost, simple and easy operation, considerable benefit and broad development prospect, which is one of the important ways for people in mountain area to get rich.

1. The time and method of direct seeding of mountain apricot can be divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing. ① autumn sowing, autumn seeds can be soaked in 50: 60 ℃ water for 24 hours, after being removed, rinse repeatedly with clean water, and then mix the seeds with 10% zinc phosphide or other repellent (rodent control), and then sow. ② spring sowing, spring sowing seeds should be soaked in the above method after soaking according to the proportion of sand 3 ∶ 1 mixed sand treatment, and stored in a pre-dug pit, generally about 1 meter from the ground, covered with straw and other materials, and then covered with soil for winter storage. Pick up the pit at the end of March of the next spring, take it out and sow it.

two。 The soil preparation and sowing rate of afforestation were directly planted by horizontal trough or fish scale, and the row spacing was 1.5 m × 2 m, that is, more than 220 pits were dug per mu. Plant 3-5 grains in each pit and cover the soil with a thickness of 2-3 cm after sowing. Fill the topsoil first, then step on it, and fill the bottom water if possible.

3. Seedling tending management watering in time when spring seedlings are dry or summer days are dry. Timely weeding, soil loosening and other management. When the seedlings grow to 30 cm high, choose a strong seedling without diseases and insect pests to stay, and transplant the rest of the seedlings to the hole without seedlings to ensure the survival rate of afforestation. In early June, it is best to apply 0.1 kg of urea per plant before cloudy and rainy days. The one-year-old apricot is allowed to grow and should be dried with repellent in winter to prevent rats and rabbits from gnawing.

4. Shaping and pruning when the young tree grows to 1 meter high, it is fixed dry, with a height of 60-80 cm, mainly cut short. In the early fruit stage, the strong branch shears retain 2 beat 3, the golden mean branch shears keep 1 beat 2, the weak branch shears retain 1 beat 3, and the very weak branches are heavy and short. In the full fruit period, the fruiting branch group should be renewed in time, the ground mop branches and the branches with very weak fruiting ability should be removed, and the big branches and overgrown branches in the upper crown, cross branches within the crown, overlapping branches and drooping branches seriously blocking light should be removed at the same time. Re-prune before flowering, cut short many flowers and weak branches, and remove too many flower buds. Florescence combined with artificial pollination to remove late-blooming inferior flowers. In order to increase the pollination rate, one box of borax can be placed every 10 mu where possible, or 0.4% borax solution can be sprayed on the flowers before 10:00 or after 3 pm on a sunny day.

5. The method of pest control and pest control is to spray 1000-fold solution of 50% monocrotophos before germination in early spring, or to eradicate the source of overwintering insects. After fruit setting, 1500-fold solution of aphids can be used to control peach aphids and almond wasps. The prevention and treatment of glue disease should scrape off the glue flow, and then disinfect the wound with 5-degree stone-sulfur mixture. After the bacterial perforation disease unfolds in the leaves, 65% thiram or 65% benzoate zinc is sprayed 300 times more than 500 times. After the discovery of red wart withered branch disease, cut off the diseased branch in time, smear the wound with 5-degree stone sulfur mixture, and burn the diseased branch centrally.