Potato virus disease
(1) the pathogens and pathogens that can infect potatoes and cause losses are potato virus X, virus Y and so on. Potato mosaic virus (PVX) is a linear virus with a length of 520-550nm. Sometimes the central pores of virus particles can be seen under electron microscope. When the virus shell is formed by subunits, its horizontal pattern can be seen, which is the main difference from potato heavy mosaic virus in morphology and structure. Potato heavy mosaic virus (PVY) is a linear virus with a length of 680-900nm. The transverse striations of its central pore and coat protein subunit can not be found under electron microscope. It is thinner and longer than PVX. In addition, potato slim tuber viruses in potato S virus, M virus, yellow dwarf virus and viroid were also found. The main way of potato virus disease caused by potato virus infection is juice transmission. The main medium of sap transmission is aphids. Aphids have exploratory characteristics, that is, when aphids come into contact with plants (mainly young leaves), they first spit saliva at the landing point, pause for a while, and then suck it back together with stinging juice and saliva. Finally, it is determined whether to continue to suck, it is precisely because of this characteristic that the virus is spread by aphids as the main medium in juice suspension. Therefore, the general pesticide killing aphids can not solve the problem of virus transmitted by aphids. The aphids have been killed and the virus has long spread. After PVX is transmitted through juice, the symptom on potato plant is light mosaic. After PVY is transmitted through juice, the symptom on potato plant is heavy mosaic. The repeated infection of PVX and PVY produces obvious heavy mosaic and spot blight on potato, which has a serious effect on yield and quality. In production practice, it is often a compound infection, therefore, the consequences are serious. It is not uncommon for patches of potatoes to wither and die. Until the harvested tubers showed fleshy browning.
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Prevention and Control of Potato virus Disease
Potato virus disease is the main disease of potato. According to the symptoms, potato virus disease is often divided into two categories: potato mosaic disease and potato leaf roll disease. Potato mosaic disease is the main occurrence in most areas of our province, which generally reduces potato production by 20% Mel 50%, and serious ones by more than 80%. Symptoms of common mosaic disease: after the plant is susceptible to the disease, the growth is normal and the leaves are spreading, but the leaves are light between the veins, showing different shades of mesophyll color. The leaves are easy to see yellow and green light flowers and leaves. In some varieties
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Standardized production Technology of Potato
(1) scope this standardized production technology stipulates the technical requirements for seed selection and treatment, land selection, stubble selection, ploughing and preparation, fertilization, sowing, field management and harvest in the potato production process. This standardized production technical regulation is applicable to the main potato producing areas, according to this implementation, in normal years, the yield per hectare can reach 30 tons. (2) seed selection and seed potato treatment 1. Variety selection. On the basis of the application of virus-free seed potato, the suitable varieties were selected according to the use. Kexin 4, Kexin 12 and Kexin 13 can be selected for edible fresh potato production.
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