Experience of Potato cultivation in greenhouse

Mr. Diao Jinzhu from Diaosha Village, Longyang Town, Tengzhou City, Shandong Province, has a potato yield of more than 5000 jin per mu and an output value of 10,000 yuan. His planting experience is as follows.

First, virus-free seed potato, Holland No. 7 virus-free potato introduced from Northeast China.

Second, seed potato treatment to prepare seed about 200 kg / mu. Choose a sunny and warm noon in the middle of January to dry the seed potatoes for one day, and get rid of diseased, rotten and deformed potatoes. After that, the seed potato was pre-awakened in the room of 25 ℃ for 15 days, and the pre-awakening ended after the bud germinated. Then cut into pieces, each 20ml 25g. The sweet potato is cut obliquely to the top according to the spiral shape, and finally the top of the bud eye set is cut into 3-pieces to give full play to the top advantage. After slicing in the insulation room, the bottom layer is covered with 5 cm thick fine sand, and then the potato buds are arranged upward in turn, and the top and bottom are uneven as far as possible, covered with 5 cm thick fine sand, and arrange the second and third layers of potato blocks in turn according to the above method. The last layer is covered with 5 centimeters of fine sand and covered with grass. The temperature is 15 ℃ 25 min. The soil humidity of the budding bed should be broken to the ground by hand. Sprouting was carried out under the condition of dark light for 20 days. When the potato buds are 1ml and 2cm long, move the potato pieces to 10 ℃ 15 cm indoor with scattered light to dry. When spreading, it is best to spread a layer of wet sand at the bottom. With the help of low temperature and scattered light to control the growth of terminal buds and promote a large number of lateral bud germination.

Third, the construction of sheds and buckle sheds in early February, cement columns and bamboo poles were used to build three rows of columns with a height of 200 centimeters and a width of 8 meters. Buckle the plastic film in time to increase the soil temperature.

Fourth, sow and spread 5000 kg of soil fertilizer per mu, plough deeply before winter, and rake the soil twice after the soil is thawed in the next spring to level the land. Before sowing, spray the surface with 200 grams of no-deep tillage soil conditioner and 100 kilograms of water per mu. In the middle of February, when the deep ground temperature of 10 cm in the shed is more than 0 ℃, sow seeds in sunny days without strong wind and cold current. Double-row ridging planting should be carried out. The distance between ridges is 80 cm, and each ridge is planted in 2 rows. The distance between plants is 20cm and 25cm, and the sowing density is 8000 plants / mu. 2 shallow trenches are made on the ridge according to the small row spacing of 20 cm. After planting, no-tillage fertilizer was applied to 10 kg / mu. The depth of soil cover is 10m ~ 12cm, and the height of ridging is 15cm. After sowing, make the top of the ridge into a "concave" shape, then cover the ridge with plastic film 90 cm wide, tighten and compact.

Fifth, fine management is about 20 days from sowing to emergence. During the growing period, it maintained 16 ℃ 20 ℃ during the day and 12 ℃ at night. In the early stage of birth, a small mouth is opened at noon to remove harmful gases. In mid-late March, when the temperature reached 20 ℃, the greenhouse film was opened for ventilation at 9 am every day, and the wind was closed at about 3 pm. In late April, when the external temperature is more than 20 ℃ during the day and 12 ℃ at night, the day and night full uncover film ventilation is carried out. Cover the film when the temperature is low. During the growth period, the bamboo pole is often used to oscillate the greenhouse film to make the water droplets on the film fall to the ground and increase the light transmittance of the film. After seedling emergence, rosette stage and capping stage, they were watered once respectively. Water the potato pieces twice during the expansion period to keep the soil moist. Do not water over the top of the ridge to maintain the ventilation of the soil and promote the expansion of potato blocks. Compound fertilizer 30 kg / mu was applied after capping and expansion period respectively. 1/10000 solution of natural brassine was sprayed once in the group tree stage.

6. Timely harvest when potato tubers with a diameter of more than 5mi 6cm are harvested in the first and middle of May.