Key points of intercropping and interplanting techniques of Potato
Intercropping potato with grain, cotton and vegetable crops can greatly improve light energy and land use efficiency, and increase economic benefits per unit area. The results of experiments in Zhangqiu City, Shandong Province showed that cotton and potato intercropping could yield more than 260 kg lint and 2100 kg potato per mu, and spring potato-corn-autumn potato intercropping could yield 2100 kg spring potato, 590 kg corn and 1300 kg autumn potato per mu. The net benefit of these two cultivation models is 100 percent higher than that of single cotton or corn. Potato intercropping cultivation should pay attention to the following points:
1. Variety matching should be appropriate: early-maturing swollen virus varieties should be selected for intercropping potato in the second season area, and plastic film mulching should be adopted for spring potato cultivation to shorten the symbiotic period with other crops as much as possible, so as to alleviate the contradiction between water, fertilizer and cultivation management during the symbiotic period of the two crops.
Second, choose the correct cultivation method:
1. Potato and corn intercropping, in order to solve the problem of corn shading, can adopt two to two planting mode, namely potato and corn each two rows, row spacing is 30 cm, each 120 cm wide, potato plant spacing is 20 cm, potato and corn density is 3,700 plants per mu. For high-stalk corn, three rows of corn and two rows of potatoes can be planted, with corn row spacing of 40 cm and plant spacing of 30 cm, potato row spacing of 60 cm and plant spacing of 20 cm, potato row spacing of 30 cm and corn row spacing of 200 cm, and potato and corn density of 3,333 plants per mu.
2. Potato and cotton intercropping, generally potato sowing earlier than cotton about a month, symbiosis period is short, is a very good match, to adopt two to two cultivation mode is appropriate, potato row spacing 60 cm, plant spacing 20 cm, potato and cotton distance 40 cm, each width 180 cm, potato and cotton density is 3,700 plants per mu.
3. Pay attention to solving the contradiction of water demand in spring cultivation. Potato is cold-resistant than other crops, sowing earlier than other crops, need watering after emergence, so potato watering in the early stage will reduce the soil temperature, affect the emergence and seedling growth of cotton, corn and other crops, so when watering is necessary, small water should be irrigated between two rows of potatoes.
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Water-saving cultivation techniques of Potato
The water-saving cultivation technology of potato furrow and ridge increases the interface between soil and air, ensures a good aerated environment for stems in the ground, aggravates the change of temperature difference between day and night, reduces surface runoff, and makes the soil more fully absorb precipitation. Through the implementation of the project "integration and demonstration of water-saving agricultural technology system in northern semi-arid rain harvesting supplementary irrigation dry farming area (Pengyang, Ningxia)-research, screening, integration and demonstration of agricultural supporting techniques for efficient use of rain harvesting", the water-saving cultivation techniques of potato were summarized. for production. (1) Variety selection
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Processing and Utilization of Potato
First, make feed potato tubers and potato dregs can be fed to livestock and poultry. According to the experiment, feeding 50 kilograms of potatoes to pigs can increase 2.5 kilograms of meat, and feeding cows can produce 40 kilograms of milk or 3.5 kilograms of cream. The average daily feed of each chicken is 71 grams of chopped and cooked potatoes and mixed feed, which can increase the annual egg production by 30 to 50, and save 20 kg of concentrate feed. Second, extracting starch can generally produce 12.15 kg of starch per 100 kg of potatoes. The extraction process is relatively simple, first wash the potatoes, and then mechanical crushing, grinding,
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