Winter-grown potatoes

1. Sow seeds at the right time and seek advantages and avoid disadvantages. The best sowing time of winter potato was when the soil temperature reached 7 or 8℃ in 10 cm depth. Within range of frost resistance. Sow seeds as early as possible. It can be harvested before the summer heat comes. Higher yields are obtained. Late sowing late late blight serious. Poor storage resistance.

Second, select improved seeds, germinate and promote seedlings. Potatoes are sown in different places for disease resistance and high yield. Zihua Baikexin No. 3 and Kexin No. 1 were selected for high yield. Before sowing, germination must be carried out, there are two ways: one is indoor moisture germination, that is, 7 - 10 days before planting, put the seed potato pieces in the jar sealed, heat germination; the second is field germination, cut the potato pieces into small pieces, stained with plant ash, flat ground cover sand, to be planted after germination.

3. Reasonable close planting, sowing enough seeds. Planting density should be based on varieties, soil fertility, seasons, etc., take double-hole planting, row spacing of 40 cm, plant spacing of 35 cm, planting 3000 - 5000 plants per mu, in order to save seed quantity, cut large potato pieces into small pieces, generally 1 jin seed potato cut into 10 - 20 pieces is appropriate, cut into pieces should pay attention to from the top to the umbilicus longitudinal cut, so that each piece has the top bud eye, ensure emergence, mu seed quantity is generally 75 - 100 kg.

Fourth, fine soil preparation and scientific management. Potato has the characteristics of warm and afraid of soiling, easy to choose irrigation, medium fertility, loose sandy loam cultivation is appropriate, in late rice harvest, pig, chicken, duck, soil fertilizer and other organic fertilizer 750 - 1000 kg, calcium superphosphate 25 kg, potassium fertilizer 10 kg, as the core fertilizer in the ridge, and then, the ground will be adjusted into a ridge surface width of 110 - 120 cm, ditch width of about 50 cm seedbed for sowing. Due to the short growth period of winter potato, high yield can be obtained by scientific management. In fertilization, heavy base fertilizer, early topdressing, sufficient organic fertilizer, increased phosphorus and potassium fertilizer N∶P∶K=1∶0.5∶2 should be applied. Topdressing is generally divided into two applications. The first application is 3 days after emergence, 500 kg of crude manure water and 2 kg of urea are used per mu to irrigate the holes to promote the formation of stolons. The second application is 35 days before budding, 500 - 600 kg of decomposed human manure and urea are used per mu. 2.5 kg potash fertilizer for each hole. During the whole growth period of potato, the water in the pipe was mainly moist. Water is irrigated in dry season and drained in rainy season.

Fifth, cultivating soil, thinning seedlings and fixing seedlings. Intertillage and soil cultivation are generally combined with topdressing, and the first intertillage and soil cultivation should be supplemented. Two plants are reserved for each hole, and the second cultivation should be combined with clearing ditch and cultivating soil.

VI. Timely prevention and control of diseases and insect pests and harvest. The main diseases and insect pests of potato are bacterial wilt, late blight, cutworm and aphids. The cutworm is poisoned by methyl isoliphos bait, aphids are controlled by imidacloprid. The control of bacterial wilt and late blight should be based on the selection of resistant varieties, scientific water management and timely removal of diseased plants. Bacterial wilt was controlled by 800 times of 50% thiophane or 50 - 100ppm of agricultural streptomycin, and late blight was controlled by spraying 25% redoxycycline WP with 60 kg water.