Key points of High-yield cultivation of Winter Potato

First, land selection and land preparation. Winter potato should choose sandy loam with convenient transportation, deep surface layer, good drainage and ventilation, rich in organic matter, sufficient water source, convenient drainage and irrigation, slightly acidic, and formerly used as rice. Soil preparation should be deep ploughing fine rake to ensure that the loose soil layer is more than 8 inches; ridging for border, double-row planting ridge surface width 2.5m2, trench width 7Mel 8 inch, require fine pieces of soil, ridge surface and trench bottom straight.

Second, seed potato treatment and slicing. After the seed potatoes are purchased, get rid of sick, rotten and miscellaneous potatoes, spread out and spray 200 times formalin or 600 times Dakoning solution, steam them with thin film for 2 hours, then cool and dry, then transfer them to a cool, dry, ventilated place and store them in a place with irradiated light; before cutting, each person is prepared to cut two knives, 75% alcohol or 0.5% permanganate solution, and soak the knife into a basin of disinfection. When cutting into pieces, each knife cuts a seed potato, soak it in disinfectant, and change to another knife to cut off one. Slicing is carried out 2 days before sowing, ensuring that each seed block has 2 bud holes and weighs 20ml 30g. Cut the potato into square pieces as far as possible. According to the budding condition or the position on the seed potato, the cut pieces are stored in a cool, dry, scattered light place and sown after the wound is healed.

Third, sow seeds. The coastal and river areas of Huidong County can be sown from late October to early December, but the best sowing time is in the middle of November. In order to avoid frost, the mountain area should sow seeds in early October or the end of December. When sowing, the seed blocks with similar bud length are sown on the same ridge to benefit the seedlings, the buds of the seeds are facing up, and the soil above the seed blocks is 1.5 mi 2 inches. After sowing, the ridge is covered with straw, and the sowing specifications and growth period of each variety are shown in the attached table. Fourth, fertilizing. When fertilizing, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer should be combined, base fertilizer and topdressing should be combined, and the proportion should be appropriate. The general base fertilizer should account for about 2/3 of the total fertilization, which is calculated according to the expected yield of 3000 jin per mu. The fertilization scheme for medium fertility soil is as follows.

Base fertilizer: 20 kilograms of farm manure (containing more than 500 jin of chicken manure or pig manure) + 60 jin of superphosphate for more than 20 days, mixed with high-quality compound fertilizer (more than 35% of total N, P, K) + 15 jin of potassium sulfate.

Topdressing: general early-maturing variety 3MUE 4 times, late-maturing variety 4MUE 5 times. For the first time, 50% of the seedlings were applied, and then every 7% of the seedlings were applied every 10 days. The amount of fertilizer application was determined according to the growth on the basis of the fertilization plan. Generally, the first to the second time is to use compound fertilizer (15mur15 / 15) 20w / m 25 jin + urea 5m / m 8 jin, and the third to the fifth time is to use compound fertilizer 20m / m 25 jin + potassium sulfate 6m / m 8 jin with 3000 jin of water. The nitrogen fertilizer decreased and the potassium fertilizer increased from the early stage to the later stage.

Foliar fertilizer: seedling stage, bud stage, expansion stage, can be used respectively Shengduosu, Yunda-120, expander, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and so on. Golden Crown and Holland can also be sprayed with 150 jin of water per gram of 920 within 30 days before harvest.

Fifth, water management. It is required to keep the soil evenly moist throughout the growth period. Before sowing, for the soil that is too dry, irrigate the horse water in the ditch first, and wait until the soil moisture falls back to 80% before sowing. If the soil is too dry after sowing, the method of furrow irrigation can be used to moisturize the water. The water can be irrigated to a depth of 1/3 and retained for several hours. When the soil is moist 3 inches in the middle of the ridge, it should be drained immediately. Do not irrigate too much.

6. Set seedlings to cultivate soil. In the full seedling stage, the strongest 2 plants were selected for each export type variety, and the strongest 3 plants were left for each processing type variety, and the excess seedlings were cut off. Cultivate the soil in time when the seedling height is 4 mi 6 inches, it is required to make sure that there is no vacancy on the ridge surface, the thickness of the soil is more than 2 and a half inches, and the stems and leaves should be hurt as little as possible.

7. Disease and pest control. The mixed ditch of Milol 5ml / mu and base fertilizer was used to control underground pests per mu. Spraying Kung Fu 3000 times + Kulong 1500 times at the seedling stage to control mites and aphids. If there are dead seedlings of underground pests and bacterial wilt, 1.5 jin of crystal trichlorfon and 500 ml of gram bacteria can be used respectively. When fertilizing for the last time, 1.5 jin of methyl parathion per mu was used to control tuber moth. From the insect line to control the late blight, spray 600 times of daconine (25 grams to 15 kilograms of water) before the disease. Once it was found that the diseased plant was sprayed 600 times with Redomir or Jin Leidomir per mu, it was sprayed 3 times in a row.