Cultivation techniques of Winter Potato

In variety selection, virus-free potato varieties Zihua 851 and Kexin 3 with high yield, wide adaptability and good commodity were selected.

Seed potato is generally prepared to choose 25 to 30 grams of small seed potato for sowing. Seed potato germination was carried out 20 days before sowing. The intact seed potato was soaked in 10 mg / kg gibberellin solution for 15 minutes, and then germinated in wet sand. Pay attention to keep the sand moist to prevent stagnant water. Slicing seed potatoes should ensure that each cut has more than one robust bud, and then sprout with plant ash dipped in the incision. When the bud is 1 cm long, the white root point on the bud base is the standard for accelerating germination. If the bud is too long and broken after covering the grass, the bud is too short and the growth rate is slow.

After the late rice harvest, deep ploughing and fine raking was carried out on the rice field, the high-yield ditch was ploughed, and the soil on the border surface was broken and leveled evenly, and at the same time, the border surface was slightly arched to prevent waterlogging. The ditch is 30 cm wide, 18 cm deep, 30 cm deep and 80 cm wide.

Sowing and sowing in the "Lesser Snow" to "heavy snow" season, double-row planting, plant spacing of 30 cm, 3 500 to 4, 000 plants per mu. When sowing, put the seed potato bud eye up directly on the border surface, a little hard pressure, so that the seed potato fully contact with the soil, in order to take root and seedling.

Cover the grass seed potato neatly and evenly with straw immediately after it is set up. The straw was used more than 5 days after cutting, covered vertically with the border surface, with a thickness of 8 cm, and about 1000 kg of straw per mu. After the straw cover is over, press the soil from the trench on the straw to prevent the light leakage and the straw from being disturbed by the strong wind. Do not cover with plastic film after covering grass. If you need to cover the plastic film to prevent the cold in case of the cold current, you should remove the plastic film in time after the cold current.

Before sowing water and fertilizer management, 1200 kg of mature human feces and urine, 50 kg of compound fertilizer and 30 kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus were evenly applied to the middle of the two seedlings per mu. Pay attention to keep the distance between seed potato and fertilizer 5cm to 8cm, so as not to cause rotten potato to lack seedlings. After budding, TA milk powder was sprayed every 10 days, and 3 times were sprayed for extra-root topdressing.

After sowing, proper amount of water can be irrigated by the drainage and irrigation ditch to keep the soil moist, ensure that the seedlings are strong, and drain and dry in time. In general, perennial natural precipitation can meet the needs of potato growth. In the middle and later stages of potato growth, in case of rainy days, especially in spring rain, it is necessary to clear ditches and drain in time to reduce the humidity in the field, so as to prevent the occurrence of diseases such as late blight due to the high humidity of straw near the soil surface.

Disease, pest and straw control potato straw mulching cultivation, high humidity in the field, in the middle and later stages of growth, in the climate with more rainfall, special attention should be paid to the prevention and control of late blight. After the budding stage, field investigations are often carried out, and once the disease is found, it should be sprayed and prevented in time. The main pests are aphids and 28-star ladybug, which can be controlled by general insecticides. Straw mulching cultivation can effectively inhibit the growth of weeds without weeding.