Direct seeding afforestation of Caragana microphylla

Caragana microphylla is a shrub or small tree of the butterfly family, which is very fond of light, resistant to cold and heat, extremely resistant to drought and barren, and highly adaptable. It is an excellent tree species for sand fixation and soil protection in desert and grassland. Twigs and fresh leaves are not only a good feed for livestock, especially sheep, but also a good fuel forest tree species. Seeds can be collected for direct afforestation.

The seeds were picked when the seeds matured from July to August and the pods were hard and yellowish brown. The time from fruit ripening to fruit cracking is very short, so it should be picked along with ripening. Harvest and sun-dry to remove pods and sundries. Excellent seeds yellowish green or beige, glossy. The seed germination rate was about 90% in that year, decreased to about 30% after 3 years storage, and lost its germination ability after 4 years. As long as the soil moisture is good, the seeds can be sown in spring, summer and autumn, but the rainy season is the best. Soak the seeds in 30 ℃ water for 12 hours before sowing, and mix the seeds with 10% zinc phosphide after being removed. There are the following five LVB methods, which should be adopted according to different circumstances.

1. Hole sowing method is suitable for fixed, semi-fixed sandy land and flat abandoned land. According to the row spacing of 1.3 meters × 1.3 meters, the character shape dug holes with a depth of 4 centimeters and a width of 10 centimeters, 400 holes per mu, 20 seeds per hole, 0.5 kilograms of seeds per mu and 3 centimeters of soil cover, slightly suppressed. It can be germinated and unearthed in 6 days and 10 days.

two。 The ploughing method is suitable for smoothing ditch slopes, returning cultivated land and fixing sandy land. Along the contour line, you can turn two ploughs every 1.5 meters with ploughs from bottom to top, and dig 30 seeds every 1.3 meters on the half slope of the furrow, covering 3 centimeters of soil. Sow 350 holes per mu and use 0.5 kg of seed. In order to prevent Rain Water from scouring and silting along the ditch, a soil block can be made at a certain length in the horizontal ditch. This method can reduce jerboa stealing seeds, facilitate the rooting of seedlings, benefit soil and water conservation, and carry out forest-grain intercropping.

3. The fish scale pit method is suitable for steep slopes above 30 degrees. Along the contour line from top to bottom, according to the plant row spacing of 1 meter, dig a hole of 20 cm to 30 cm deep, 30 cm wide and 50 cm long, and then make a small soil ridge along the bottom of the hole, and point the seeds on the ridge slope. This can not only store water to promote seed germination, but also prevent seedlings from being buried in silt.

4. The method of soil piling is used in places with low and gentle slopes and easy to accumulate water. Along the contour line from top to bottom, the plant spacing is 1.3 meters, and the shape of the pit is 30 centimeters long, 50 centimeters wide and 30 centimeters deep. In the middle of the pit, a steamed bread-shaped mound with a height of 10 centimeters 15 centimeters and a width of 20 centimeters is built, and holes are dug in the pile. Each hole is sown with 20 seeds, and the soil is covered after a little suppression. 400 holes per mu.

5. The strip dense sowing method is used to build a protective belt at the ditch head, the ground bank and the downslope of the terrace ridge. First, dig a shallow ditch of 30 cm in length and 20 cm in width and depth every 3 meters along the contour line, loosen the soil, pick up the stone grass roots, and then open a sowing ditch with a depth of 3 cm to 4 cm and a length of 20 cm to 25 cm for strip sowing, and cover the soil after slight suppression. The distance between bands is 1 meter. Use 1.5 kilograms of seeds per mu. It can grow into a biological protection zone after 3 years.