Natural pastures fattening lean cattle

Grazing fattening refers to the fattening method based on the use of natural pastures. The grazing and fattening method has the advantages of low feeding cost, good fattening effect and easy to popularize in the vast agricultural and pastoral areas. it is an effective way to improve the economic benefit and accelerate the well-off society in rural and pastoral areas. During the grazing and fattening period of about 150d, the daily gain of local cattle reached 0.5~0.7kg, the daily gain of beef hybrid cattle reached 0.58~1.2kg, the average total weight gain of each cow was 100~180kg, and the economic benefit of each cow increased by 300,400 yuan.

1 selection of fattening cattle

Meat hybrid bulls, such as Charolais, Limousin and Simandar, which are tall and healthy at the age of 2 to 6 years old, were selected for grazing and fattening. Eliminated bulls, infertile cows, low-yield cows and incapacitated farm cattle can all increase meat production through grazing and fattening before elimination. Young and middle-aged cattle have strong grass-picking ability and good fattening effect. The fattening effect of old and frail cattle is poor, but it can also get a better weight gain effect after proper conditioning. Cattle that are too old, toothless and have serious digestive system diseases and infectious diseases have no fattening value and should be eliminated.

2 deworming and invigorating the stomach

Cattle should be dewormed and stomach-healthy before grazing and fattening. Because cattle feed on forage and often come into contact with the ground, the digestive tract is often infected with various nematodes, and it is also easy to be infected with lice, mites, ticks, @ # @ 261 parasites and other parasites in vitro. Deworming should be carried out while invigorating the stomach to improve weight gain. At present, there are many kinds of deworming drugs, among which the insect nemesis (trade name Alijia) developed and produced by China Agricultural University is the first choice. The drug can simultaneously dispel dozens of nematodes in livestock and poultry and parasites in vitro and in vivo, such as lice, mites, ticks, maggots and so on. The dosage is 3kg body weight with 1 bag of powder or 2 capsules (containing active ingredient 10mg), infused or mixed with feed. Deworming is best arranged in the afternoon or at night, and cattle are excreted during the next day to facilitate collection and treatment. It is best to stop eating for several hours before administration and only give drinking water to improve the efficacy. For cows with dyspepsia and diarrhea, Jianwei Powder can be taken once a day, 250g each time for 2 days. Individual thin cattle were fed with Jianwei Powder and then fed with yeast powder once a day, 250g each time, or 50 tablets of yeast tablets to regulate gastrointestinal function.

3 grazing and fattening techniques

The grazing and fattening period usually begins in late May and ends in late October. Grazing methods can be adapted to local conditions, farmers fattening mostly adopt small group grazing method, each group should be about 10 heads. It is hot in summer and there are many mosquitoes, which affect the grazing and feeding of cattle. Therefore, summer grazing should avoid the hot weather as far as possible, and adopt the grazing method of getting out early in the morning, returning late in the afternoon, and resting at noon. Graze twice a day, grazing at 6: 10 a.m. and 3: 7 p.m., grazing for 8 hours a day, and drive the cattle into the shed or tie them to rest in the shade at noon. Drink water once after each harvest. Cattle should be allowed to drink clean drinking water instead of stagnant water and water from bubbles when grazing, and do not graze in low-lying areas to prevent cattle from being infected with Fasciola hepatica. At the same time, we should pay attention to prevent hot sun exposure and rain. Autumn grazing should take good care of cattle, do not let cattle harm crops and vegetable fields, and prevent cattle from causing diarrhea and death due to accidental consumption of vegetables and crop fruits. There should be no cows in the fattening herd so as not to affect the feeding and fattening of the bulls. If there are more cows, you can group them separately. Fattening cattle should not be put into service to prevent "slipping" and reduce the fattening effect.

(4) do a good job of supplementary feeding

If conditional cattle farmers adopt the fattening method of grazing and supplementary feeding, the weight gain effect will be better. Supplementary feeding can be carried out within half an hour after grazing at night. Each cow was fed daily with grass 3~5kg, corn 0.5~1kg, cottonseed cake 0.3~0.5kg, salt 50g, urea 50g, auxin 20g. When supplementary feeding, feed the grass first, then mix the concentrate feed and various additives evenly, and then mix it in the grass until full. Under the condition of grazing and supplementary feeding, the daily gain of improved beef cattle could reach 1.5~2kg, and that of local yellow cattle could reach 1~1.25kg.

5 out of the column at the right time

Most of the beef hybrid cattle were born in March ~ May. After raising in winter and spring, the body weight of 1-year-old cattle can reach about 250kg in May of the second year. From the beginning of grazing and fattening in late May to the end of the fattening period in late October, the fattening cattle can be fattened when their body weight reaches 350~400kg. If it is not out of the bar at this time, it can enter the fattening period of house feeding from late October. After 2-3 months of intensive fattening, it can be sold when the body weight reaches 500~550kg, which can obtain better economic benefits.