The root of soybean
The root system of soybean belongs to straight root. It can be divided into main root and lateral root, both of which have dense root hairs. The main part of the root is 5-20 cm in the soil, and the whole root system is approximately bell-shaped.
There is symbiosis between rhizobium and soybean on soybean root. When soybean sprouts, rhizobium invades the root. When soybean grows the first compound leaf, root nodule is formed on soybean root, first is the main root, and then gradually spreads to lateral root. Nodules are produced by rod-shaped rhizobia with 1-2 flagella at one end. It is a kind of aerobic bacteria, mainly growing on the root system 20 cm near the surface. The diameter of the nodule is generally 4-5 mm. It is green at birth, becomes light red gradually, and finally becomes dark brown. Rhizobium fixed free nitrogen in the air, in addition to self-supporting nitrogen nutrition, the excess part was supplied to the growth and development of soybean.
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Key points of reasonable harvesting methods of soybean
Soybeans should be harvested in time after ripening. If the pods lose too much water in the late harvest, it is easy to explode the pods and cause losses. The suitable harvest time should be determined according to different harvest methods. Those harvested with a sickle begin to harvest after all the soybean leaves have fallen off, and the nutrients have basically stopped being transported to the grains. Mechanical harvesting must be harvested after the whole plant is fully mature and dried. Manual harvesting is best carried out in the morning, when the bean plant has more water content, does not stick in the hand, and is not easy to explode pods. It is required to cut the stubble low, do not show the horse's ears, and do not miss the cutting.
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High-yielding cultivation of soybean with large ridge, narrow row and close planting
Large ridge and narrow row dense planting of soybean can increase canopy leaf index, make full use of light energy and achieve the purpose of increasing yield. (1) selection and preparation of land. Wheat, corn or potato are the best in the previous crop. Ridges with sowing. The ridge distance is 130 cm, the ridge height is 25 cm, and the width on the ridge is 30 cm. (2) selection of varieties. The selection of soybean varieties with large ridge and narrow row should be 168,9409B, ZOQI, Fengshou 544, Miyuwang, Hefeng 25, he 93-BS and so on.
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