Cultivation techniques of narrow row and close planting of soybean

Shrinking ridges and increasing rows and narrow rows and close planting are one of the effective ways to increase soybean yield. The cultivation method is divided into three forms: first, large ridge and narrow row dense planting, which is a wide platform narrow row dense planting method which combines the original two ridges into one ridge or one semi-synthetic ridge. Its big ridge width is 97.5~140cm, sowing 4-6 rows on the ridge, and protecting 40-500000 seedlings per hectare. At present, 70cm ridge cultivation can generally increase the yield by about 20%. This cultivation technique is suitable for township farmers in the south-central and eastern low-waterlogging areas with high productivity. The other is small ridge, narrow row and dense planting, which sows seeds in two rows on the small ridge of 45cm, which is equivalent to sowing seeds on wide and narrow rows with row spacing of 22.5cm. Third, flat cropping narrow row close planting refers to flat sowing, flat tube, flat to the end of the narrow row close planting cultivation, useful dwarf or semi-dwarf varieties with strong stalks. The row spacing is 15~30cm, and the number of seedlings per hectare is 40 ~ 650000, which is more than 25% higher than that of 70cm ridge cultivation. Reasons for increasing production

(1) manipulate the population reasonably and make full use of light energy.

(2) it is beneficial to give full play to the role of machinery. In particular, narrow ridges and narrow rows can be mechanized in the whole production process.

(3) to preserve soil moisture and seedlings. Soybeans planted in narrow rows usually have to be ploughed and ploughed. Under the condition of good ploughing and soil preparation, the soil moisture is better, which can make the sowing depth consistent, the seed is uniform, and the soil cover thickness is the same, so not only the seedlings emerge quickly, but also the seedlings come out neatly and completely. Technical key points

(1) ploughing, raking, leveling, fine ploughing and soil preparation is the key measure to do a good job of narrow row and close planting. Whether soybeans are ploughed or not depends on the previous crop and rotation system. Corn stubble soybeans must be turned over or turned in autumn, deep loosening and rotary ploughing, and raking must be carried out.

(2) the narrow row close planting cultivation method of soybean with strong culm and few branches is more strict to the variety. First of all, attention must be paid to the selection of varieties with strong culms, dense pods and high yield performance. Secondly, weak branching, developed main stem and good ventilation and light transmission conditions can resist lodging.

(3) selecting appropriate density and giving full play to the potential of population yield increase the robust growth and development of soybean plants should be affected by population size. Under the condition of narrow row cultivation, the population can be reasonably manipulated. However, the degree of close planting is different, and the yield performance is different, especially after narrow row planting, and then appropriately increase the density (generally increase by 10%-20%), which directly expands the green area, gives full play to the advantages of narrow row planting, and promotes the accumulation of photosynthates. But the density is affected by many factors, generally in good production conditions, fertile soil, flat terrain, especially in the case of sufficient water and fertilizer, the plant should grow sparsely; on the contrary, it is slightly denser. According to the investigation, the density of different dense planting methods is also different, generally large ridge narrow row dense planting, ridge width 97.5~140cm, sowing 4-6 rows, sowing 445000 seeds per hectare, 35-450000 seedlings per hectare. Small ridge, narrow row and dense planting: wide ridge 45cm, sowing 2 rows, sowing 445000 seeds per hectare, 35 ~ 400000 seedlings per hectare. Parallel narrow row dense planting: 30cm is generally used to sow 445000 seeds per hectare and protect 35 ~ 400000 seedlings per hectare.

(4) 2BKM 1B soybean planter with large ridge and narrow row is suitable for sowing machinery. Narrow row soybean planter produced by Hailun Agricultural Machinery Factory is used for close planting in small ridges and narrow rows. Flat planting narrow row dense planting with American Kjeldahl company produced 5300 seeder or 24-row planter.

(5) it is not convenient for human, animal and field management to make good use of herbicide narrow row close planting method, and some of them do not have ridges. Herbicides are widely used and should be used in strict accordance with herbicide instructions.