Technical specification for high yield cultivation of soybean

Soybean is the main role of oil in our province. The development of soybean production is of great significance to improve the food composition of human father, the development of animal husbandry and crop rotation to improve soil fertility. From the actual situation of our province, soybean production mainly depends on increasing per unit yield to increase total yield. In order to achieve 200W per mu yield, it is not necessary to liberate soybean from the corn field, because the mixed cropping of soybean and corn is one of the reasons for soybean yield per unit area in our province, so it is necessary to clear the seed in Gongpian; the second is to actively popularize the high-yield cultivation techniques based on increasing the application of agricultural fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer. Third, according to different ecological conditions, select different ecotypes of high-yield and high-quality new varieties, soybean to achieve the yield of more than 200 kg per mu, the main points of cultivation techniques are as follows:

I. selection of new varieties with high yield

According to the local ecological conditions, suitable varieties, such as Tiefeng 24, have great potential to increase yield in the plain area, while the loss of 7009 in the western arid region is more drought-resistant and high-yielding. At present, the new soybean varieties popularized in our province are Liaodou 1, Tiefeng 24 and 27. The new Yimu varieties all have the yield potential of 250-275 kg per mu and have wide adaptability and can be planted in mountainous areas, plains and depressions.

II. Attach importance to and rational fertilization

In order to seize the high yield of soybean, it is necessary to rebel against the land with flat terrain, irrigation conditions, high content of organic matter and fertile soil, so as to put an end to repeated and welcome stubble. Attach importance to the application of about 2000-2500 kg of high-quality Nongxuan, combined with the application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other chemical fertilizers, generally 10-15 kg of urea, 10-15 kg of diammonium phosphate and 10-12 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. Agricultural fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are applied as base fertilizer in soil preparation and ridging in early spring, and nitrogen fertilizer is applied before flowering or early flowering stage. Seed can also be mixed with soybean special fertilizer, and the seed is mixed with 0.5 kg soybean special fertilizer per mu. When applied, the fertilizer is first reduced with water, and then poured on the seeds, so that the leap seeds are all covered with fertilizer, and then sown after a little dry.

Third, fine sowing and reasonable seedling retention

By using equidistant hand hole sowing or mechanical equidistant on-demand sowing, 10000 seedlings per mu are different due to different varieties. The density is also different, such as Tiefeng 27 mu seedling 0.8-10000 Zhu, Xindou 1 mu seedling 1.1-13000. Seeds should be carefully selected, with a purity of more than 98% and a sowing rate of about 3.5% per mu.

Sowing in the first ten days of May makes the flowering period of soybean coincide with the rainy season, which is beneficial to the development of pods. General ridge distance 53 cm, hole distance 10 cm, 11450 seedlings per mu, using furrow-on-demand method, they 2 seeds, cover soil about 3 cm, deep uniform, timely suppression after sowing, help a flash to sow seeds to protect the whole seedling.

IV. to explore and promote, and strengthen management.

Sowing about 7 days, the seeds just decided to shovel Mengsheng, wade windward ditch, loosen the soil to raise temperature, promote early seedling development. When the seedlings grow to two true leaves and one compound leaf, leave a single red in each hole, lack of seedlings to borrow seedlings, create good nutrition and environmental conditions for the growth of a single plant, and play the role of squatting seedlings and controlling overgrowth. In the later stage of branching, three shovels and four times are guaranteed, and the grass is plucked once, the soil is loose and there are no weeds.

It is necessary to supply water during the grain filling period, and the plough layer should reach more than 40% in case of drought. In the later growth stage, 0.5% potassium sulfate solution can be sprayed by spraying 5% phosphate according to the plant growth, so as to promote happy grains, increase grain weight, prevent lodging and promote precocious maturity.

V. timely prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

At the age of 60, 800 times of Dongguo liquid was sprayed to control aphids.

In the middle of July, methyl mixed with phosphorus poisonous soil was applied to control aphids and red tarantula, with 2 kg per mu and 15 kg of fine sand.

Before the middle of August, a "sustained release card" was made with methamidophos or dichlorvos EC to control soybean heart borer to ensure the yield and quality of soybean.