Key points of high-yield cultivation techniques of soybean

First, stubble selection: choose stubble with flat terrain, good drainage, adequate fertilization and fertile soil, corn, potato and melon stubble. If there is no continuous stubble or sunflower stubble, the yield will be reduced by 21.3%.

Second, soil preparation and fertilization: it is best to turn soil preparation and fertilization in autumn, which is conducive to preserving soil moisture and freezing insect eggs. Ruochun soil preparation must be carried out in the top slurry period. When preparing the soil, we should apply more than 2 cubic meters of high-quality farm manure per mu according to the soil fertility, mix 10Kg with diammonium and 5Kg with potassium sulfate, and apply as base fertilizer before ridging.

Third, chemical seed dressing: in order to control underground pests, 50% phoxim 0.5Kg can be used, seed 200Kg can be mixed well and sown for 4 hours after drying. Where there are conditions, the seeds can be coated, and all places should be carried out according to local insect pests, using seed coating agent No. 4 to prevent grubs and seed coating agent 13 to prevent Liriomyza huidobrensis, usually 1Kg plus 75Kg seeds, mix well and dry. To control soybean root rot, seeds can be mixed with 50% thiram or 50% duofu mixture, and the dosage is 0.3% of the seed.

Fourth, sow seeds at the right time:

1. Sowing time: sowing begins when the local temperature stably passes through 7 Mel and 8 degrees Celsius, and each region should depend on the climatic conditions at that time. The first accumulated temperate zone should be finished sowing before May 8, and the second accumulated temperate zone should be finished sowing before May 10. Other areas should adjust measures to local conditions.

2. Sowing methods: early sowing and shallow sowing should be timely, early sowing is beneficial to early growth and rapid development, shallow sowing is beneficial to reduce root diseases, and sowing depth is controlled in 2-3Cm. Should not sow deep, prevent rotten roots, affect seedling protection, strong seedlings, this variety should not be closely planted, must be reasonable sparse planting, precision sowing, or artificial planting, the amount of planting per mu is 3.5Kg, according to the proportion of 1m10 plants, the distance between 20Cm (6 inches), and the requirements of 2 grains in one hole on the ridge. Ten thousand seedlings were preserved per mu and 9,000 plants were harvested. It is necessary to conduct a field survey and replant after the seedlings come out.

Fifth, shovel management: shovel a plough in front of the plough, deep loosen and release cold to increase temperature, kill grass and greet soil, artificial weeding should be carried out in the period of 4 trees and 6 leaves, hoe early and hoe small, strictly prevent weeds from competing with seedlings for fertilizer and water, and compete for light. Seal the ridge and root for the second time before flowering.

Foliar fertilization: in order to meet the nutrient needs of soybean at each growth stage, foliar fertilization should be carried out at seedling stage, flowering stage and pod filling stage, which can increase yield by more than 20%. Do not use urea root topdressing, because soybean has its own nitrogen fixation, so topdressing urea will not only cause unnecessary waste, but also damage the fibrous root and reduce yield.

The main results are as follows: 1. At seedling stage, 25g / mu of high yield hormone was mixed with water 15Kg and foliar spraying.

2. At the initial flowering stage, full flowering stage and pod filling stage, 50 g 15Kg per mu was sprayed with water. (and carry out a field inspection in each period to pull out the clean grass.)

Spraying Fengshensu is best after the dew disappears in the morning or after 3 o'clock in the afternoon, choose a windless and sunny day, and the effect of rain is best two to three days after spraying.

7. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

1. Control of underground pests: in addition to using pesticides to treat seeds, 5% methyl mixed phosphorus granules 2.5Kg, diammonium and potassium sulfate are mixed into the base fertilizer to control underground pests such as grubs, golden needle worms, mole crickets and soybean nematodes.

2. Prevention and control of underground rodent damage: when soybean seedlings are just arching the soil, it is necessary to control crow magpie and rodent damage in time, using enemies to kill 10g and phoxim 10g into water 500g per mu, soaking 500g corn seeds. Take it out 24 hours later and sprinkle it in the soybean field before sunset.

3. Control aphids, red spiders and heart-eating insects: if aphids or red spiders occur, they should be sprayed with dimethoate. If moths are found in the flowering period of soybean (about August 5-15), the enemy kills 5g 15Kg with water per mu and can be sprayed once.