Control of mushroom pathogen
Mushrooms begin to emerge one after another in late September, which is also the time when mushroom pathogens begin to multiply. Mushroom walnut fleshy fungus is a serious pathogen in mushroom production. This bacteria is also known as "pseudotruffle", and its pathogen is Microsporum. The ascomycetes are in the shape of walnut meat or cauliflower when piled, light yellow to creamy and light brown when ripe. The surface is covered with dandruff, the fungus is dense and soft, and has a fishy smell after being crushed, up to more than 10 centimeters.
Once the mushroom bed is infected by walnut fleshy bacteria, the bed surface should immediately stop spraying water, make its matrix soil surface dry, and pick out the fruit body of walnut fleshy bacteria and replace it with corresponding new soil. When the room temperature drops below 16 ℃, it should be managed according to the routine, so as not to affect the mushroom production. In the non-medicament artificial comprehensive treatment, pay close attention to the mushroom room high temperature at 23Mu26 ℃, if the ventilation is poor, the culture material is overheated, slightly sour, and the air permeability is poor, the gas will be weakened, and a large number of gas will occur; short and dense white hyphae appear in the material, material surface or soil layer, and a pungent bleach smell occurs in the culture material, which will produce a large number of conidia while forming a fruiting body.
Chemical control: if the area of the bacteria is small, it can be irrigated with diesel oil or kerosene, but it can not be used in a large area so as not to affect mushroom production. Serious large area occurrence should adhere to 800 times carbendazim solution for environmental disinfection, with 800 times carbendazim mixture can prevent the occurrence. The ward can also be treated with 2% formaldehyde, covered with film for fumigation and sterilization; 10 kg of 1% lime water and 25 grams of sodium carbonate are sprayed twice in the ward, and the effect is ideal.
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The thin skin of mushroom opens the umbrella early.
Symptoms: thin cover of fruiting body stalk and opening of umbrella early. Causes: the mushroom density is too high, the temperature of the mushroom room is too high, the air relative humidity is not enough, the soil layer on the bed is dry, the fruiting body grows fast, and so on, will form a thin skin and open the umbrella early. Preventive measures: properly control the mushroom position, the ventilation time of the mushroom room should be selected in the morning and evening, reduce the temperature of the mushroom room, and appropriately increase the moisture of the soil layer on the bed and the relative humidity of the air.
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Mushroom diseases and their control techniques
1. Fungal diseases 1. Brown rot. Also known as white rot, blister disease. Spores are carried into the mushroom house through soil cover and spread by air and pests. When the mushroom room air circulation, high temperature and humidity in case of serious disease. A large number of white mycelia were formed on the mushroom bed. After infection, the fruiting body stipe swelled into bubbles, and when it was serious, it formed deformed mushrooms, which turned brown, or formed white flocculent balls with indistinguishable stipe. Prevention and control methods: mainly to cover the soil disinfection. Put the covering soil in the empty room, add 3 grams of formaldehyde to 5 ml per square meter
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