Essentials of mushroom management in greenhouse

Mushrooms need water, but mushrooms are afraid of water, because more water will hurt the mycelium, resulting in a reduction in mushroom production. The method of water use, which we have talked about earlier, varies from stage to stage of birth. In addition to the use of water, the management of mushrooms in the greenhouse should also pay attention to the following points:

I. Prevention of diseases and insect pests

Diseases and insect pests pose a great threat to mushrooms, and once they do harm, they will cause endless trouble, and some of them even end in harvest. The key points of pest prevention are as follows: the culture material should be killed before entering the room, pay attention to the secondary fermentation, the mushroom room should be disinfected and insecticidal in advance, the bacteria should be fumigated with aluminum phosphide, the soil should be covered with formaldehyde, lime or verrucosporin, and the daily mushroom room is often sprayed with pesticides.

II. Prevention of free ammonia

Ammonia has a toxic effect on the hyphae and makes the seeded bacteria lose their vitality. It is found that the culture material has the smell of ammonia, so we should stop planting and eliminate ammonia with formaldehyde. The amount of formaldehyde depends on the amount of culture material and ammonia content, and then turn flat after fumigation. Generally speaking, as long as the carbon-nitrogen ratio of ingredients is paid attention to, the use of nitrogen fertilizer should not be excessive, chemical fertilizer should be properly controlled, and the production of free ammonia can be avoided by putting nitrogen fertilizer into the pile at one time. Of course, the reason for the non-recovery of the strain is that the secondary fermentation is not complete, the heating of the next seed period leads to "burning bacteria", the culture and fermentation period is prolonged, the material is too cooked and even acidified, and the culture material is too wet.

III. Prevention of mass deaths

At the stage of mushroom emergence, small mushrooms often atrophy, turn yellow and die. The main reasons are as follows:

The main results are as follows: 1. When the temperature was higher than 23 ℃ for more than 3 days, the growth of buds was inhibited by temperature, which was beneficial to the growth and development of hyphae, which led to the reverse transport of nutrients and led to the death of buds without nutrition and water. Therefore, after mushroom production, it is still necessary to be prepared to resist high temperature, such as building a shade shed in the south, spraying water on the roof of the mushroom house, or cooling with ice and appropriately delaying the stacking to avoid the high temperature.

2. Insufficient nutrient supply of culture material, such as insufficient nitrogen source in compost, especially lack of manure, imbalance of carbon-nitrogen ratio, anaerobic fermentation of stacked culture material, thin and small culture material, insufficient nutrition, or autumn mushroom has been exhausted, resulting in the premature death of spring mushroom. Therefore, high-quality materials, good fermentation, turning good materials, and promoting thick material cultivation are required to provide adequate nutrients.

3. The mushroom room or shed is poorly ventilated for a long time, especially in the stage of mushroom production, the metabolism of the fruiting body is exuberant, such as closing the window and transferring water to cause the death of a large number of fruiting bodies.

4. Improper water management has different requirements for water in different growth and development stages of fruiting bodies. Lack of water in the bacterial layer and insufficient water supply in the overlying soil layer will also cause the death of young buds, or unclean water or long-term spraying of head water will also cause death.

5. If the osmotic pressure is too high, repeated use of salt water will increase the osmotic pressure and make the buds lose water and die.

6. When the breeding of insect pests is serious, the hyphae will be eaten up and the buds will die in batches.

7. the use of pesticides during mushroom production should be diluted correctly according to the requirements. Arbitrarily increasing the concentration of pesticides will cause drug damage. The use of pesticides containing petrochemical emulsifiers is prohibited.