High-yield techniques and cultivation conditions of Agaricus bisporus cultivated in Paddy Field

Among the artificially cultivated edible fungi, mushroom is the one with the largest cultivated area and the highest yield. Agaricus bisporus is a general term for several kinds of edible mushrooms of the genus Agaricus. At present, Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus are mainly used in production, among which the cultivation area of Agaricus bisporus is the largest.

Agaricus bisporus (also known as white mushroom, mushroom, mushroom) has three strains: Brown, cream and white, among which white Agaricus bisporus has better economic value. In terms of cultivation methods, it can be divided into mushroom room cultivation, greenhouse cultivation and rice field open field cultivation (also known as "field mushroom"). Growers can adopt suitable cultivation methods according to production habits, amount of funds, technical level and so on.

As one of the famous production bases of edible fungi in our province, the relevant scientists and technicians in Chongzhou (perennial planting area of edible fungi is 15000 mu, including 12900 mu of field mushrooms) have summed up a wealth of experience in cultivating Agaricus bisporus in rice fields. To this end, today we specially invite Liu Fuhuai, deputy director of the Agricultural Technology Center of Chongzhou Rural Development Bureau, and Yu Fengqing, an agronomist, to introduce to farmers according to their years of work and production practice.

Agaricus bisporus is a kind of straw rot fungus, which has a typical appearance of fruiting body, and the culture medium is mainly wheat straw and rice straw.

I. requirements of cultivation conditions

In actual production, high yield can be obtained as long as the nutrients, temperature, moisture, air relative humidity, pH and light for the growth and development of Agaricus bisporus are met to the greatest extent.

Nutrients: as long as the culture material is made according to the technical requirements and supplemented with topdressing in the corresponding growth period, the nutritional conditions for its growth and development can be basically met.

Temperature: the mycelium can grow at 5-32 ℃, the optimum temperature is 16-25 ℃, stop growing at 33 degrees, and the lethal upper temperature is 36 ℃; the fruiting body growth temperature is 4-32 ℃, the optimum temperature is 10-18 ℃, 25 ℃ is the lethal temperature, and the growth is slow below 8 ℃, but the mushroom quality is good.

Moisture: the best water content of the culture material is 60-65%, which only needs to be piled up to meet the needs; the soil water content is 20-23%, that is, it is appropriate to pinch flat, do not touch the hands, and the mushroom period is wet and dry.

Air relative humidity: usually maintain the natural humidity, the air humidity during the mushroom period is controlled at 85-95%.

The pH (PH): the mycelium could grow in PH6-8, and the neutral environment was the best, and the fruiting body was the best in PH6.7-6.9.The results showed that the mycelium could grow in PH6-8, and the neutral environment was the best.

Light: mushrooms are suitable for no light or weak scattered light, avoid strong light and direct sunlight.