Field Management of High-yield techniques of cultivating Agaricus bisporus in Paddy Field

Field selection and field preparation: it is appropriate to choose raw fields or mushrooms planted in the upper wind, upper water fields, do not use diseased fields or old fields downwind Shuikou, otherwise it is easy to be attacked by miscellaneous bacteria.

Ploughing the field, fine, dry field, good drainage conditions can not be ploughed; and open a good drainage edge, box trench, box width of 80-90 cm, pedestrian aisle width of 60-70 cm; the remaining 50 kg of fine lime powder is scattered in the covered soil mud.

Sowing: when sowing mushrooms, farmers should pay attention to the following aspects of work:

The main results are as follows: 1. Grab a large handful of culture materials evenly and put them in a small sieve. First, sprinkle some bacteria on the material surface and cover the newspaper. After 24 hours, you can see the mycelium germination, then you can sow boldly, otherwise you should find out the cause and sow the seeds only after proper treatment.

2, the culture material should be brown, with unique grass flavor, no rotten smell; the grass is tough, rotten but not rotten, and the PH value is 7.5-8 without miscellaneous bacteria; it is suitable to hold the material tightly with hands and see water without dripping between fingers. If it is too wet, it should be dried. If it is too dry, it should be adjusted with 1-2% lime water.

3, put the material on the sowing side, do not rain do not cover the film, rain must cover the film. After the material is transported into the compartment, it is turned once a day and ammonia is discharged thoroughly in order to ensure the safety of the strain. After 3 days, shake the material flat and sow the seeds when there is no ammonia odor and the moisture is suitable.

4. Sowing should be carried out on cloudy days and in the afternoon to prevent ultraviolet rays in the sun from killing and killing bacteria. When sowing, first remove the cotton plug from the strain and put it upside down in potassium permanganate (commonly known as "gray manganese oxygen", a strong oxidation disinfectant) solution; use the strain hook (which can be made into a small hook with rough frame steel wire and hammer tip) to hook the bacteria in the disinfection basin, and then sow the seed evenly on the material surface according to the plan, and cover the soil while sowing. If it is too late to cover the soil, a layer of straw or straw fan treated with limewater should be covered in time.

5. It is better to cover the soil with humic loam of PH7-7.5. the maximum size of the soil should not exceed the small egg, the water content of the soil should be 20-22% (it can be pinched with the hand, but not touching the hand), and the thickness is about 6-7 cm.

Management after covering soil: generally, mushroom collection can be started 20 days after sowing. Cover the soil within 10 days without rain, only cover the grass but not cover the film, you can draw water properly. Straw can be tied into a straw curtain, easy to cover, uncover, the thickness of the straw curtain to cover the bed soil shall prevail; the film thickness is more than 4 wires; within 10-15 days, when nearly half of the soil on the mycelium is radial, each square meter of mushroom bed can be sprayed with 0.9-1.1 kg of mushroom water (that is, 0.2-0.25 2 per square foot), after which moisturizing and ventilation are combined. If the mycelium is strung on the soil surface, it can be solved by strengthening ventilation and drying.

When small mushrooms grow to the size of soybeans and are generally unearthed, spray "mushroom water" once. According to the dry and wet surface and weather conditions, 1.3-1.4 kg (3 water per square foot) can be sprayed per square meter, and then stop water for 2-3 days. When mushrooms are neatly unearthed, spray water every day according to the growth of mushrooms and weather changes. Spray more mushrooms, less mushrooms, no mushrooms. The mushroom lid is tender and white, and the finish is good, indicating that the moisture is suitable; scales and yellowing of the mushroom cover indicate lack of moisture. When mushrooms are produced, the relative humidity of the air is controlled above 80%, and adequate oxygen is guaranteed.

Post-harvest management: harvest according to the market situation, after each batch of mushrooms ("first tide"), generally at intervals of 5-7 days before picking mushrooms. It is not suitable to draw water when the tide is at rest. Spray appropriate amount of mushroom water and mushroom water according to the growth of mycelia and mushrooms. With the decrease of temperature, water consumption should be reduced gradually.

After each tide of mushrooms, the residue on the bed should be cleaned in time, the holes left after picking mushrooms should be filled with soil, and water should be sprayed again (equivalent to mushroom water). When three tide mushrooms are harvested, special fertilizer can be used for topdressing in time.

In addition, the conditions for the growth of mushrooms are also suitable for the breeding of a variety of diseases and insect pests. If they are not properly controlled, they will bring great losses to production. The prevention and control of mushroom diseases and insect pests should be more important than treatment. in general, if good culture materials are piled up, high-quality bacteria are used and attention is paid to the above-mentioned disinfection, pest control and sterilization work, diseases and insect pests generally do not occur or do minor harm.