Zhongai 33, a New dwarf Peach Variety

Zhongai 33 is a new extremely dwarf early maturing peach variety successfully cultivated by Zhengzhou Fruit Tree Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. According to the cultivation observation in the High-tech Agricultural Park of Hebei Tiangong Industrial Company, the fruit of the 3-year-old high-yield tree is 50 cm ~ 60 cm high, the branch spread 60 cm × 80 cm, and the stem circumference 9.7 cm. The tree is strong and the crown is compact. Leaf blade 3.8 cm × 20.4 cm, dark green. The internodes are very short, the new shoots are stout, the flower is easy to form, the amount of pollen is large, the fruit setting rate is high, and the yield is high. The fruit matured in the middle and last ten days of June in open field, and the fruit was larger. The average weight of single fruit was 129g, and the maximum weight of single fruit was 159.8 g. When ripe, the whole fruit is purplish red, with few villi and oval to nearly round. The flesh is red and white, the flesh is dense, the hard solute is juicy, and the core is sticky. Fruit soluble solids content 9% to 11.5%, sweet and sour flavor, slightly fragrant.

On March 4, 2001, the variety was introduced and planted in Tiangong High-tech Agricultural Park. It germinated on March 13, bloomed on March 21, bloomed on March 23, saw young fruit on April 9, and the fruit development period was 70-75 days. Single pink. In full bloom, there are clusters of flowers all over the tree, but there are no branches one after another. The florescence is as long as 14 days, and the dew red has ornamental value.

Turn the whole garden deeply before planting, improve the soil, apply base fertilizer, and pour slow seedling water twice after planting. Survive to harvest and irrigate 5 times and fertilize 4 times. The technology of excessive fertilization was adopted. On the basis of re-application of multi-element potassium sulfate, foliar fertilizer was sprayed many times, and the supply of fertilizer and water was sufficient. Artificial pollination is carried out every day at flowering stage. The number of flowers is large, the fruit setting rate is high, and it has thinned flowers and fruits many times. Summer shearing only needs to remove overdense branches, so it is very convenient to manage. The leaves are large and dense, and the leaves need to be picked manually before harvest, so that the fruit can see light and promote coloring.

Zhongai 33 peach has strong adaptability and simple cultivation and management. There are few diseases and insect pests, but attention should be paid to the control of shell insects and bacterial perforation.

Through observation and study, it is preliminarily concluded that Zhongai 33 peach can be used as a facility and open field dwarfing high-density garden cultivation, but also can be used for courtyard environment beautification construction, especially suitable for pot ornamental technology development.