Yuanhuang (pear)

I. Source of varieties

Beijing Forestry Bureau introduced it from Korea in 1999 and planted it in Beijing Huangqi nursery. Parent combination: early birth red × late Sanji. It was approved by Beijing in 2002.

2. Characteristic characteristics

This variety was selected from Korea and belongs to sand pear system with early ripening and large fruit type.

The tree is strong and semi-open, which is easy to form short fruit branches and axillary flower buds, with 7-9 flowers per inflorescence. The leaf is broadly oval, light green and bright glossy, facing the back of the leaf. Annual branches are yellowish brown, lenticels are large and dense, and branches are thick.

The fruit is round, with small and dense spots. The average weight of a single fruit is 560g, and the maximum weight of a single fruit is 1000 g. The content of soluble solids is 16-17%, the pericarp is thin, the background of the pericarp is dark brown, and becomes light brown after bagging; the pulp is milky white, there are a small number of stone cells near the core, there are many fruit juices, and the edible rate is 96%. The flowering period of Huangqi nursery was in the middle of April, and the fruit ripening period was in the first and middle of August, about 15 days earlier than that in South Korea. The fruit ripens early and can be picked ahead of time.

It has a large amount of pollen, high fruit setting rate, high and stable yield, strong resistance to scab and black spot, and excellent fruit quality. If too much fruit is easy to cause premature senescence, fruit thinning should be strengthened, and irrigation and drainage should be done during cultivation.

In Beijing area, young trees blossom in the second year and bear fruit in the third year, and the average yield per mu is generally controlled at 2000-2500 kg. The fruits should be kept in cold storage after harvest.

III. Key points of cultivation techniques

The main results are as follows: 1. the plant growth potential is strong, pay attention to reasonable close planting, 45 plants per mu.

2. It can be used as a pollination tree for other varieties.

3. In the first year of planting, apply sufficient base fertilizer, ensure adequate supply of fertilizer and water in the first two years, and promote the formation of tree crown as soon as possible; after the result, strengthen fertilizer and water management, especially the amount of organic fertilizer should reach 5-10 cubic meters per mu.

4. Pull branches in time to improve ventilation and light transmission conditions.

5. The high grafted tree can pull branches and strengthen the tree in time in the first year, and the flower bud can be formed in the second year.

6. nitrogen fertilizer should be added in time after fruit harvest, and foliar fertilizer spraying and root application should be combined.

7. Fruit bagging management must be implemented. After bagging, observe and pay attention to the control of Tenebrio Molitor, pear planthopper and other bagging pests.

IV. Areas suitable for planting

It is suitable for planting in Beijing area.