Castration of pigs

Surgical castration of vegetable pigs is a traditional method in our country, but the corresponding castration methods should be adopted according to different conditions in order to achieve ideal results. Based on years of clinical experience, the author introduces several common castration methods for reference.

Castration methods of boars

Pigs lie on their back in Baoding, and the operation department is routinely disinfected. The operation chose to cut the skin backward along the midline from the last pair of nipples 2cm, and the size of the incision depended on the size of the testis. Bluntly peel off the subcutaneous tissue to expose one side of the total sheath, press the testis close to the incision with your fingers, squeeze the testis and the total sheath out of the wound with both hands, lift the testis and twist the spermatic cord several times in the same direction, and remove the testis and the total sheath at the 1cm point away from the ligation point. The other testes and total sheath were removed in the same way. Clean the wound and apply penicillin powder to suture.

Castration methods of sows

1 small flower-picking castration method

Pigs were semi-supine in Baoding, and the operation department was routinely disinfected. The operation part is located in the left lower abdomen, where the 2~3cm of the left nipple is opposite to the left hip tubercle (usually the middle finger of the left hand is pressed against the left hip tubercle, and the thumb is pressed downward on the outside of the left nipple, so that the line between the thumb and the middle finger is perpendicular to the ground). The left thumb presses hard on the outside of the operation, the tighter the better. The right hand holds the knife to control the depth of the blade with the thumb, middle and index fingers, and uses the tip to cut the skin into a longitudinal incision of 0.5~1cm. The left hand is still fixed. The hook end of the right hand with the handle extends forward at a 45-degree angle into the incision to break the abdominal muscle and peritoneum, and the hook end of the handle is curved sliding in the abdominal cavity. With the increase of intra-abdominal pressure, the uterine horn or ovary protrudes from the abdominal cavity outside the incision. Hold the uterine horn and ovary with the right hand, then gently rotate the thumb and index finger of the left and right hand to guide outward, and press the abdominal incision with the other three fingers of the two hands. When drawing out the ovary and part of the uterine body on both sides, the uterine body was bluntly broken, and the uterine horn and ovary on both sides were removed together. The incision is coated with iodine tincture, lift the hindlimb of the pig a little and let go.

2 the method of castration by picking flowers

Pigs lying on the right side of Baoding back operation, the operation department routine disinfection. The operative part is located at the 5~10cm at the anterior and inferior part of the hip tubercle (generally, it is better to have low finger pressure resistance). The left hand picks up the skin of the operation, and the right hand holds a knife to cut open the curved orifice (crescent mouth) of 3~5cm, and uses the knife tip to break the abdominal muscle from the skin incision to the 2cm, so that the internal and external incisions form a dislocation. Pierce the peritoneum with the index finger of the right hand and extend into the abdominal cavity, and explore the left ovary from front to back along the spine and lateral wall. When touching, press the junction of fallopian tube and ovary with fingertips to hook out along the abdominal wall, and hook out with a knife handle when the ovary reaches the incision. Then extend into the abdominal cavity, through the lower part of the rectum to the right, explore the right ovary, hook out with the same method, ligate and remove the ovaries. The index finger of the right hand extends into the abdominal cavity again and turns twice along the peritoneum of the incision to check whether the uterine horn is restored. While pulling out the index finger of the right hand, use the middle finger of the left hand to press the inner incision from the outside. Clean the wound and apply antibiotic powder. Grab the tail by hand and lift it up so that the pig is handstand and let go.

(3) elimination of sow castration

For those who lie on the right side of Baoding back operation, the operation department is routinely disinfected. The operative part chooses the position with low finger pressure resistance in the anterior and inferior part of the hip tubercle. Cut the skin and abdominal muscle 5cm left and right, pierce the peritoneum vertically with the index finger of the right hand and extend into the abdominal cavity, and explore the left ovary from front to back along the spine and lateral wall. When touching the ovary, press the junction of the fallopian tube and the ovary with your fingertips to hook out along the abdominal wall, and hook out with a knife handle when the ovary reaches the incision. The ovaries were removed after ligation at the junction of the fallopian tube and the uterine horn. The right uterine horn was poured out by intestinal method, ovaries were removed by the same method, and the abdominal wall was sutured after intraperitoneal injection of 1.6 million penicillin.

Postoperative nursing

After operation, the pigs were raised in a clean and dry barn to prevent strenuous exercise, resulting in an increase in intra-abdominal pressure.

(2) A few days ago, feed should be reduced properly, given digestible and nutritious feed, and drink plenty of water.

(3) pay attention to the observation at any time, and treat the complications in time if any complications are found.

Experience

1 before operation, the pig must fast and check whether the sow is in estrus. Because the sow is in estrus, ovary and uterus are congested, it is easy to cause bleeding and should not be performed.

(2) abdominal castration can treat scrotal hernia at the same time. If you encounter scrotal hernia during the operation, do not break the total sheath, otherwise the intestines are easy to prolapse and increase the difficulty of the operation. At the same time, the outer inguinal ring should be closed.

(3) the flower picking method is suitable for sows with more than 15kg. The small flower picking method is suitable for sows less than 15 kilograms. The large flower-picking castration method does not need suture because of the internal and external dislocation of the incision and the handstand of pigs. (4) the castration of eliminated sows generally adopts three methods: castration of one side of large wound, castration of both sides and castration of intestine. Compared with the intestinal castration method, the castration method is the most simple, rapid and successful. When performing the operation, the internal and external incisions should be consistent, and the incisions should be larger (it is appropriate for two fingers to reach into the abdominal cavity at the same time), so that the uterine horn will be smooth. Suture should be careful not to hurt the intestines, so as not to cause failure of the operation.