Key points of cultivation techniques of Chinese wolfberry

1 growth habits

Lycium barbarum has strong adaptability, energy saving and high temperature tolerance of 38 ℃ in the growing season. The survival and effective production of Chinese wolfberry can adapt. The optimum temperature for flowering was 17 ℃ ~ 22 ℃, and the optimum temperature for fruit development was 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃. When the temperature dropped below 10 ℃ in autumn, the fruit growth and development slowed down. Lycium barbarum is a strong sunny tree species, which does not bear fruit without light and is not suitable for cultivation under shade conditions. The soil is lax, saline-alkali tolerant, and grows normally on gray calcium soil and desert soil with a salt content of 0.5%-0.9% and a pH value of 8.5-9.5. It is most suitable to be cultivated in light loam and medium loam, especially on irrigated and silted soil.

2Propagation technology

Cutting propagation is the most widely used in production. Choose loam that is close to the water source, flat, sunny and loose. 1-1.5 t barnyard manure was applied per 667m2 and ploughed deeply in autumn. Make a bed 1m wide in the next spring. After sap flowing and before sprouting, select the full branches of one-year-old buds, cut the cuttings of 14~16cm, insert them obliquely into the whole bed, expose a bud, press it, and water it.

3 planting

The planting density of Ningqi No. 1 is 445 plants per mu, and the plant row spacing is 100cm × 150cm. About 1000 plants of Korean wolfberry were planted per mu, and the row spacing was 70cm × 100cm or 60cm × 100cm. In the newly developed planting area of Lycium barbarum, the number of planted plants per mu can be increased by 1 to 2 times. On both sides of the Great Wall, the cutting time is from March 21 to April 5.

4 field management

4.1 Tillage and weeding for 3 times and 4 times.

Topdressing: urea or compound fertilizer was applied in May and August, and 10~15kg was applied every 667m2. Can be applied before the rain, if there is no precipitation, topdressing and watering.

4.3 Water should be watered in case of drought in spring and autumn.

4.4 Korean wolfberry needs to be braced.

5 shaping and pruning

The basic tree structure of Ningqi No. 1 is as follows: single trunk, double main branches and two-and-a-half layers of crown. The cultivation years and methods are as follows: dry cutting in the first year, canopy cultivation in the second and third years, and topping in the fourth year. The shaping standard is that the plant height is about 1.6m, the upper crown is 1.3m, the lower crown is 1.6m, and there are about 200 fruiting branches per plant. In the same year of planting, 60cm was fixed, and 3 to 5 main branches with uniform distribution were selected. In the second year, 3 or 4 new branches were selected on the main branch and truncated at 30cm. In the third year, the new branches on the two-layer backbone branches were truncated at 20cm. After the crown is basically formed, the withered branches, old and weak branches, disease and insect branches, overlapping branches, sweeping branches and overdense branches are mainly cut off in summer or autumn every year.

(6) Disease and pest control

The main pests are aphids, gall mites and negative mud insects, which can be sprayed with 1000 times of omethoate or 20% of methotrexate wettable powder 3000-4000 times. The common disease is black fruit disease of Chinese wolfberry, which harms flowers, buds, stems, leaves and fruits. It should be sprayed with 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 120 Bordeaux solution or 1000 times carbendazim solution at the initial stage of the disease.