Diseases and insect pests of Lycium barbarum and their control

(1)The pathogen of black fruit disease is an ascomycete (Glomerella cingulata (Stonem)Sch. et Spauld). It is mainly popular in Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi and other places, mostly in rainy season, the affected fruit, flower and bud turn black, under humid conditions, the disease has orange mucus, that is, the conidia pile of the pathogen.

Control methods: ① Strengthen water and fertilizer management in winter and spring, light pruning in autumn and winter promotes early maturity and more fruit; control water and fertilizer in summer, implement heavy pruning, and give up hidden fruit. Strengthen water and fertilizer management in autumn to strive for autumn fruits;② before freezing, combine pruning to remove black fruits, diseased branches and ground litter and fallen fruits from the garden or bury them deeply. During the growing season, the fruits, flowers and buds with diseases are often removed;③ Bordeaux mixture of 1:120-160 or 50% wettable Tuijunte 1000 times solution or 65% wettable Zineb 500 times solution is sprayed at the early stage of disease. Before flowering and fruiting, the main pesticide is Tuijunte and Bordeaux mixture, after flowering and fruiting, the main pesticide is Zineb, or the three pesticides are alternately used, spraying once every 7-10 days or spraying immediately after each rain.

(2)Psyllid also known as yellow gangrene, soil lice. It belongs to Homoptera Psyllidae (scientific name Trioz.sp.). Lycium barbarum L. can cause damage from germination in spring to October. Adults or larvae damage leaves with their biting mouthparts, resulting in malnutrition. Control methods are the same as aphids.

(3)gall mite also known as insect bud, mole insect. It belongs to Araneae, Acariidae (scientific name Eriophyessp.). Damage leaves, fruits, branches caused by gall.

Control method: ① do not have insect branches cutting;② remove the gall out of the garden concentrated treatment;③ spring Lycium barbarum germination leaves with 40% dimethoate emulsifiable solution 1000-1500 times or 50% malathion emulsifiable solution 1000-2000 times or 50% phosphorus amine emulsifiable solution 1000-1500 times spray, once every 10 days, 3-4 times in succession.

(4)Lycium chinense negative mud worm also known as golden worm, meat Dan worm and so on. It belongs to the Coleoptera family (scientific name Lema decempu-nctta Scopoli). The leaves are notched or perforated by adults and larvae.

Control methods: ① clear the garden after harvest and eliminate residual plants;② avoid intercropping or continuous cropping with solanaceae plants;③ spray 90% trichlorfon 800 times solution or 50% phosphorus amine emulsifiable solution 1500 times solution in juvenile stage, once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 times continuously.

(5)Fruit flies are also known as fruit maggots. It belongs to the family Neoceratitiaasiatica(Becker). Adults lay eggs in the pericarp, and larvae grow in the fruit after hatching. The surface of the damaged fruit presents white spots and even deformity.

Control methods: fruit picking to remove maggots fruit, concentrated deep burial; adult stage spray 90% trichlorfon 800 times or 40% dimethoate EC 1500 times control.