Transplanting and field management of Chinese wolfberry

The main results are as follows: 1. Transplanting can be planted before falling leaves in autumn and winter to germination in the following spring. Among them, it is better from March to April in spring. After digging up the seedling, remove the overlong fine root, plant 1 seedling in each hole, and then return to the soil and enter the hole. When you reach half the hole, gently lift the seedling up to make its root stretch, then fill the hole with soil, pour enough water to fix the root, and be steadfast. The top is covered with a layer of loose soil 10 centimeters above the ground.

2. Field management

(1) ploughing and weeding and turning the land in the sun

Intertillage weeding is generally carried out three times a year, the first in early May, the second in the first and middle of June, and the third in late July. Intercropping crops can be planted in the first 2-3 years after planting, which can be combined with intercropping and weeding.

The purpose of turning the sun field is to maintain moisture, improve soil temperature and promote root growth, usually twice a year, the first time from late March to early April, the second time in the first and middle of August, this time it can be 20 cm deep.

(2) fertilization

During the plant growth period, fertilization was carried out 3 times a year. The first time was in early May, the second was in early June, and the third was in late June. 1520kg of human and animal manure and 100g of urea were applied to each plant, and then irrigated and covered with soil. In addition, 0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate were used for extra-root topdressing once a month from May to July. Before filling and sealing frozen water in the first and middle of November, each plant was treated with 20 kg of human and animal manure, 50 kg of soil fertilizer and 2 kg of cake fertilizer, dug holes or trenches around the rhizosphere, covered with soil, and cultivated soil in the rhizosphere to survive the winter.

(3) Irrigation

During the period of plant growth and flowering and fruiting, irrigation is usually carried out for 3 to 4 times, once at the end of April and early May, and then every 15 days. The high temperature season is in the ripe period, and the water demand is large, so it should be watered once after each fruit harvest. The growth period of autumn shoots was watered once in early August, early September and early November respectively, and winter water should be watered once or twice before freezing.

(4) shaping and pruning

In order to cultivate high-yield trees, the shaping and pruning of Lycium barbarum can be divided into two periods: young tree shaping and pruning and adult tree pruning.

① young tree shaping and pruning: in the first year of planting, the top is cut off where the trunk is 60 cm high, and in that year, 5 / 6 evenly distributed branches are selected from the new techniques to cultivate the main branches of the first layer crown. In summer and autumn, the left main branches are cut off, leaving 20 cm long short branches (called short branches), and the left main branches can grow a large number of side branches. In summer, cut short and leave 20 to 30 centimeters long, and cut off the weak branches appropriately (called thinning and deletion).

In the second year after planting, a strong branch was selected as the extension trunk from the upright branch on the trunk, the upper part was cut off 60 cm away from the first layer crown, and another 5% 6 branches were left as the main branch of the second layer crown.

In the third year after planting, one strong branch was selected as the extended main branch from the upright branch growing from the top of the second layer crown, the upper part was cut off 40 cm away from the second layer crown, and then 35th branches were selected from the growing side branches to cultivate the third layer crown main branch.

After 3 years of pruning, the plant can form a high-yield crown with strong trunk, clear hierarchy and exuberant growth. At the same time, the branches that are too dense should be cut off from the base, and if the branches are too prosperous, the upper part should be cut off.

Pruning of ② adult trees: adult trees refer to Chinese wolfberry trees that have entered the period of blooming and fruiting. Pruning in this period is carried out twice every year from May to June and from August to November, mainly to cut off withered branches, long branches, over-dense branches, disease and insect branches and erect branches, useless horizontal branches and needling branches growing from the top of the main rod, so as to retain healthy branches. Through pruning, reducing nutrient consumption, conducive to ventilation and light, reducing diseases and insect pests, controlling tree height, conducive to fruit development and fruit branch growth, to achieve the purpose of high yield.