Techniques for reducing pests of Edible Fungi
Keep the mushroom farm clean. The mushroom house should be thoroughly cleaned before cultivation and sprayed evenly with 800 times of trichlorfon or dichlorvos solution. To grow mushrooms outdoors, remove weeds around the cultivation site and spray the soil and around the site with 250 times trichlorfon solution.
2. Prevent adults from entering the house. For indoor cultivation, doors and windows, ventilation vents and so on should be nailed with 60-mesh fine yarn to prevent adults such as flies and mushroom mosquitoes from entering the room.
3. Drug fumigation. Edible fungi are cultivated indoors and fumigated with 3 pieces of aluminum phosphide per cubic meter of space under airtight conditions to eliminate indoor insect sources.
4. Deal with the culture material. Every 50 kg of culture material with 15 ml of dicofol, 10 kg of water, evenly sprayed on the material, spray while mixing the material, spray and accumulate for 3 days, the insect source in the material can be eliminated, or 40% phoxim 500 times solution can be mixed in the culture material, which has a very good insecticidal effect.
5. Spraying to kill insects. When pests are found before mushroom emergence, 500x trichlorfon solution or 1000 times killing solution or 800x dichlorvos solution can be sprayed on the bed.
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Occurrence and Control of Diseases and insect pests of Industrial cultivated Edible Fungi
At the end of 1990s, China successively introduced factory production lines of edible mushrooms from Japan and Taiwan, which led to the rapid development of edible mushroom production technology. fresh products such as Flammulina velutipes, crab mushrooms and apricot abalone mushrooms can be tasted in the hot summer. At present, there are three large-scale enterprises of Flammulina velutipes and one of crab-flavored mushrooms in Shanghai, and three new ones were added at the end of 2005. It is expected that the daily output of Flammulina velutipes, crab-flavored mushrooms and apricot abalone mushrooms will reach 50t, 5t and 1.5t, respectively, making it the largest industrial edible mushroom production base in China.
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Chemical Control of Diseases and insect pests of Pleurotus ostreatus
1. Lime: when the raw material is fermented, 4%-5% quicklime powder is added for high alkali treatment to improve its disease resistance; the walls and shelves of mushroom houses are treated with concentrated lime water; after mushroom picking, spraying with lime water supernatant is conducive to disease prevention and high yield; when local Trichoderma is harmful, sprinkle lime powder on the polluted place to control the spread, and so on. two。 Sulfur: multi-point fumigation and disinfection with sulfur before feeding in the mushroom room, the dose is 5g / m3. 3. Formaldehyde: when the bacterial bag is locally infected by Trichoderma and other miscellaneous bacteria, smear with 2% formaldehyde solution.
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