Propagation methods of Lilium pubescens

(1) growth, development and habitat of Lilium pubescens

The plants of Lilium pubescens germinated earlier. In the cold Heilongjiang Province, the seedlings germinated as soon as the soil was thawed in late April. The most suitable environment for the growth of Lilium pubescens is roadside, forest gap, meadow and other soil and places with good water conditions and sufficient light. It is proved by investigation and experiment that when the light intensity is 50% to 100%, the growth of hairy lily is the best, its plant is stout, up to 80 to 130 cm high, the plant blossoms 1 to 12 per year, the fruit is full, the underground bulb is large, and up to 6 bulbs can be formed at the base. When the relative light is about 25%, the hairy lily is thin and short, and the plant blossoms only 1 to 2, although it can bear fruit, but at most 1 is not full, the seed is small, the underground bulb is small, and the plant begins to wither in August. When the relative light is only about 10%, the hairy lily plant is small, can not blossom or can only have one flower, is not sturdy, the underground bulb is small, and the aboveground parts wither in mid-July. Lilium pubescens is suitable for growing in soil with a water content of 30%, 40%, and its plants are easy to wither or die when the soil water content is less than 20%.

(2) the mode of reproduction of hairy lily the natural growth of hairy lily mainly uses seeds for sexual reproduction and bulb for asexual reproduction.

The main results are as follows: 1. The seed germination of Lilium pubescens belongs to the type of cotyledon soil retention, which is difficult to germinate, and the length of germination process is very different. Few seeds can germinate in the same year after scattered in nature, and vegetative leaves will grow in the next spring. Most seeds germinate in the following spring and grow bulbs, and after a short dormancy, vegetative leaves grow in summer or autumn, or after dormancy in summer (or autumn) and vernalization in a low-temperature winter, vegetative leaves can not germinate until the following spring. There is such a great difference in the germination process of Lilium pubescens, which shows that the seed heterogeneity of Lilium pubescens is particularly strong, which is beneficial to the continuation of the population. The seeds are scattered and backward, and the two forms of seed germination and late germination can be maintained for a long time in various environments, so as to avoid the destructive destruction of catastrophic factors. During artificial sowing, the temperature range of seed germination of Lilium pubescens is 10 to 30 ℃, and the most suitable temperature is 20 ℃. At 20 ℃, the seeds began to germinate in 7 to 10 days, the germination rate reached more than 60% in 30 days, and more than 85% in 50 days. With the decrease or increase of temperature, the seed germination rate decreased. If the temperature is too high, the seeds are easy to mildew and rot, and if the temperature is too low, the seeds will be dormant. The seed germination of Lilium pubescens begins with the elongation of Hypocotyl. After 4 to 7 days, the front end of Hypocotyl gradually expands to form a small bulb, and then germinates vegetative leaves (true leaves) from the bulb. The vegetative leaves germinate slowly and take 10 days under suitable conditions. if the conditions are not suitable, the bulblets may not germinate vegetative leaves all the time, showing a "dormant state". The method of relieving the dormancy of bulblets can put the bulblets at a low temperature of 2 to 5 ℃ for one month, so that more than 95% of the bulblets can sprout nutritious leaves 12 days after the low temperature is lifted. In addition, the germination rate of seeds sown at 25 ℃ constant temperature (50 days) is about 60%; although less than 20 ℃, but sowing for about a month, 20% to 30% of the bulbs can directly produce vegetative leaves in the shade. Therefore, in artificial sowing, as long as the temperatures of 20 ℃ and 25 ℃ are controlled in time, and the soil water content is kept at 30% to 40%, a certain number of seedlings of hairy lily with nutritious leaves (true leaves) can be obtained in about one month.

2. Asexual reproduction of Lilium pubescens is mainly carried out by bulb. There are several ways to proliferate the bulb of Lilium pubescens in nature.

1) up to 4 to 5 bulbs can be developed in the mother bulb.

2) small bulbs can be formed on a section of stem nodes buried in the soil, usually 3 to 4.

3) the scales on the bulb of hairy lily are jointed and loosely clasped, and are easily scattered by soil insects. The scattered scales differentiate into meristems at the fracture at the base of the node, and quickly form small bulbs, usually with only one bulb per scale node.

4) the basal root at the bottom of the bulb of hairy lily can extend creeping growth in rare cases, and a bulb can be formed every 0.5 to 1 meter apart on the creeping root.

Artificial asexual reproduction is mainly sown with scales. The easiest way is to put sand or rotten leaf soil with a water content of 30 to 40% in a plastic bag, mix not less than 0.2g of scales with wet sand or rotten leaf soil, seal the mouth of the bag, put it in a 20 ℃ to 25 ℃ incubator, and bulbs sprout in about half a month.